اثربخشي درمان مبتني بر پذيرش و تعهد بر كاهش عواطف منفي و بهبود كيفيت زندگي در افراد وابسته به مواد

The effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Reducing Negative Emotions and Improving Quality of Life in Substance-Dependent Individuals

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻮاﻃﻒ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ در اﻓﺮاد واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاد ﺑﻮد. روش: روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن، ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﻓﺮاد واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﮐﻤﭗ ﺗﺮك اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺷﻬﺮ دزﻓﻮل در ﺳﺎل 1398ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ از ﻣﯿﺎن آنﻫﺎ 50ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ) 25ﻧﻔﺮ( و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ) 25 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﺟﺎي ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻃﯽ10 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ 90 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اي ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﯾﮏ ﺑﺎر در ﻫﻔﺘﻪ درﻣﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ را درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ . ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﮐﯿﻔ ﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ )ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ، 1996( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﮑﺮر اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ درﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و اﺑﻌﺎد آن و ﺑﻬﺒﻮدﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و اﺑﻌﺎد آن ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و اﯾﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﯾ ﮏﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﭘﺎﺑﺮﺟﺎ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘ ﯿﺠﻪﮔ ﯿﺮ ي: ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، درﻣﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻮاﻃﻒ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﻓﺮاد واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاد ﺳﻮدﻣﻨﺪ واﻗﻊ ﺷﻮد و ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﯾﺎدﺷﺪه ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﻋﻮاﻃﻒ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ را در اﻓﺮاد واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاد ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on reducing negative emotions and improving quality of life in drug addicts. Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study included drug addicts who were referred to Dezful addiction treatment centers in 1398. Among them, 50 people were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly placed in two experimental groups (N=25) and control groups (N=25). The experimental group received acceptance and commitment treatment in 10 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. The positive and negative emotion questionnaire and the quality of life questionnaire (World Health Organization, 1996) were used to collect data. Data was analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment significantly reduced negative emotion and its dimensions and improved quality of life and dimensions, and this difference persisted in the one-month follow-up step. Conclusion: Based on these results, acceptance and commitment therapy can reduce negative emotions and improve the quality of life of drug users, and this variable can explain the high degree of emotional variability and quality of life in drug users.