سوء مصرف مواد نيروزا، مخدر، روان‌گردان و مشروبات الكلي در ورزشكاران استان تهران

Abuse of Ergogenic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and Alcohol in Athletes in Tehran Province

ﻫﺪف از اﺟﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﯿﻮع ﺳﻮء ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﻮاد ﻧﯿﺮوزا، ﻣﺨﺪر، روانﮔﺮدان و ﻣﺸﺮوﺑﺎت اﻟﮑﻠﯽ در ورزﺷﮑﺎران اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﻮد. روش: اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري آن ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ورزﺷﮑﺎران داراي ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ 6ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﻬﺮان ﯾﻮد. از ﺑﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاي ﺗﻌﺪاد 806ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮدﮔﺰارشدﻫﯽ، ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ و ﺑﺪون ﻧﺎم )از 394 زن و 412ﻣﺮد ورزﺷﮑﺎر( در 49رﺷﺘﻪ ورزﺷﯽ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﻬﺮان ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺷﯿﻮع ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﻮاد ﻧﯿﺮوزا در ﺑﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ورزﺷﮑﺎران 17/12درﺻﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ 12/16درﺻﺪ از ورزﺷﮑﺎران ﻋﻀﻮ ﮔﺮوه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ )16/504 درﺻﺪ ﻣﺮدان ورزﺷﮑﺎر و 7/614 درﺻﺪ از زﻧﺎن ورزﺷﮑﺎر( ﻣﺼﺮف ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﯾﮏ ﻣﻮرد از ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻋﻪ )ﻣﺨﺪر، روانﮔﺮدان و ﻣﺸﺮوﺑﺎت اﻟﮑﻠﯽ( را ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﮐﺮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺷﯿﻮع ﻣﺼﺮف ﺳﯿﮕﺎر 9/68درﺻﺪ ) 11/41درﺻﺪ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺮدان ورزﺷﮑﺎر و 7/87درﺻﺪ در ﺑﯿﻦ زﻧﺎن ورزﺷﮑﺎر(، ﺷﯿﻮع ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺨﺪر 2/48درﺻﺪ ) 3/88درﺻﺪ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺮدان ورزﺷﮑﺎر و 1/02درﺻﺪ در ﺑﯿﻦ زﻧﺎن ورزﺷﮑﺎر(، ﺷﯿﻮع ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﻮاد روان ﮔﺮدان 1/74درﺻﺪ ) 2/91درﺻﺪ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺮدان ورزﺷﮑﺎر، 0/51درﺻﺪ در ﺑﯿﻦ زﻧﺎن ورزﺷﮑﺎر( و ﺷﯿﻮع ﻣﺼﺮف ﻧﻮﺷﯿﺪﻧﯽﻫﺎي اﻟﮑﻠﯽ در ورزﺷﮑﺎران اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﻬﺮان 11/41درﺻﺪ ) 15/29درﺻﺪ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺮدان ورزﺷﮑﺎر و 7/36درﺻﺪ در ﺑﯿﻦ زﻧﺎن ورزﺷﮑﺎر( ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺳﻮء ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﻮاد در ﺑﯿﻦ ورزﺷﮑﺎران ﻧﻮﺟﻮان و ﺟﻮان اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﻬﺮان ﯾﮏ واﻗﻌﯿﺖ اﻧﮑﺎر ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺑﻮده و ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي در اﯾﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺿﺮورﯾﺴﺖ.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Abuse of ergogenic drugs, psychotropic substances and alcohol in athletes in Tehran province. Method: This is a descriptive survey study and participants includes all athletes with at least 6 months of experience in sports in Tehran province. Among these individuals, 806 self-report questionnaires, made by researcher and made without name (from 394 female and 412 male athletes) in 49 sports in Tehran province by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of ergogenic drugs among these athletes was 17.12%. Also, 12.16% of the athletes in the sample group (16.504% of male athletes and 7.614% of female athletes) had experienced the use of at least one of the banned substances (drugs, psychotropic substances and alcohol). The prevalence of smoking was 9.68% (11.41% male athletes and 7.87% female athletes), the prevalence of drug use was 2.48% (3.88% male athletes and 1.02% female athletes), the prevalence of psychoactive substance use was 1.74% (2.91% male athletes, 0.51% female athletes) and the prevalence of alcohol consumption among athletes in Tehran province was 11.41% (15.29% male athletes and 7.36% female athletes). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that substance abuse among adolescent and young athletes in Tehran province is an undeniable fact and the development of educational and prevention programs in this regard is very necessary.