رابطه خودكارآمدي، اميد به زندگي و سلامت عمومي با ميزان فعاليت بدني مصرف‌كنندگان مواد مخدر

Relationship among Self-Efficacy, Life Expectancy and Public Health with Level of Physical Activity of Drug Users

ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي، اﻣﯿﺪ ﺑﻪ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺨﺪر اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. روش: روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﺮدان ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺨﺪر ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﮐﻤﭗﻫﺎي ﺗﺮك اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رﻓﺴﻨﺠﺎن ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دادﻧﺪﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﺪول ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن 160ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺷﺮر و ﻣﺎدوﮐﺲ )1982(، اﻣﯿﺪ ﺑﻪ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﺷﻨﺎﯾﺪر ) 1991(، ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽﮔﻠﺪﺑﺮگ )1988( و ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﺑﮏ )1982( ﺑﻮد. دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روشﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﮔﺎم ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎم ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮدﮐﺎراﻣﺪي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ، اﻣﯿﺪ ﺑﻪ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﺮدان ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺨﺪر ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ روش ﮔﺎم ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎم ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺧﻮدﮐﺎراﻣﺪي و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﻣﺮدان ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺨﺪر ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 12 و 15درﺻﺪ از وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﻣﺮدان ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺨﺪر را ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻗﻀﺎوت ﻓﺮد از ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﺗﻔﮑﺮ و اﺣﺴﺎس ﻓﺮد ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺧﻮد ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ در اﻧﺠﺎم ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﻣﺮدان ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺨﺪر داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship among self-efficacy, life expectancy, and public mental health with the level of physical activity of drug users. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlation. Participants were male drug users of addiction treatment camps in Rafsanjan, and 160 sample were selected using the Morgan sampling table. The research instruments included Scherer & Maddox (1982) general efficacy questionnaire, Schneider (1991) life expectancy, Goldberg (1988) public mental health questionnaire, and Beck (1982) physical activity scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression statistical methods. Results: The correlation findings showed that the relationship between physical activity and general self-efficacy, life expectancy, and general mental health of men addicted to drugs is significant. The prediction results of stepwise regression of physical activity showed that self-efficacy and public mental health are positive predictors of physical activity of drug users, respectively, and explain 12% and 15% of the variance of physical activity of drug users, respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that judging an individual ability to perform positive actions and thinking and feeling about life can play a positive role in performing physical activities of drug users.