پديد آورندگان :
ريحاني پول، سهيل دانشگاه علوم كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي گرگان - دانشكده شيلات و محيط زيست - گروه آموزشي فراوري محصولات شيلاتي , يگانه، سكينه دانشگاه علوم كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي ساري - دانشكده علوم دامي و شيلات - گروه آموزشي شيلات
كليدواژه :
ميگو , پروتئين آب پنير , آسكوربيك اسيد , آلفاتوكوفرول
چكيده فارسي :
هدف از مطالعه حاضر مقايسه كارايي آسكوربيك اسيد و آلفاتوكوفرول در تركيب با پروتئين آبپنير جهت افزايش پايداري اكسايشي ميگوي ذخيره شده در دماي يخچال است. به همين منظور نمونههاي بافت ميگو در قالب چهار تيمار شامل تيمار 1 (شاهد)، 2 (بافت ميگو با پوشش پروتئين آبپنير)، 3 (بافت ميگو با پوشش پروتئين آبپنير و آسكوربيك اسيد) و 4 (بافت ميگو با پوشش پروتئين آبپنير و آلفاتوكوفرول) در دماي يخچال به مدت 9 روز ذخيره شدند. بهمنظور بررسي شدت اكسايش و همچنين پايداري تيمارها در برابر فساد اكسيدايتو، شاخصهاي پراكسيد، اسيدهاي چرب آزاد، آنيسيدين و تيوباربيتوريك اسيد تيمارها در روزهاي صفر، 3، 6 و 9 اندازهگيري شد. نتايج نشان داد پروتئين آبپنير به تنهايي (تيمار 2) بهعنوان پوشش ميگو ميتواند تا حدي روند اكسيداسيون چربيهاي ميگو را نسبت به شاهد كنترل كند. اما وقتي پروتئين آبپنير با آسكوربيك اسيد (تيمار 3) و آلفاتوكوفرول (تيمار 4) غني شد، قدرت پوششها در برابر فساد اكسيداتيو بهصورت معنيداري افزايش يافت (0/05p<). مطابق يافتهها، در طول دوره نگهداري كمترين ميزان عدد پراكسيد، اسيدهاي چرب آزاد، انديس آنيسيدين و تيوباربيتوريك اسيد مربوط به تيمار 3 بود (0/05p<). مقايسه پروفيل اسيدهاي چرب ميگوي تازه و پروفيل اسيدهاي چرب تيمارها در روز نهم نشان داد كه پوشش پروتئين آبپنير حاوي آسكوربيك اسيد (تيمار 3) بيشترين نقش حفاظتي را از ساختار اسيدهاي چرب داشته است. بنابر نتايج تحقيق حاضر ميتوان ادعا كرد كه پوشش پروتئين آبپنير- آسكوربيك اسيد نسبت به پوشش پروتئين آبپنير- آلفاتوكوفرول از كارائي بيشتري جهت افزايش پايداري اكسايشي ميگو برخوردار است.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction: Shrimps are highly sensitive to oxidation at refrigerator temperature. On the other hand, storage of shrimp in freezing conditions leads to a decrease in product quality after thawing. It should be noted that shrimp oxidation
also occurs in freezing conditions, but the oxidation rate in these conditions is much slower than storage in refrigerated
conditions. Therefore, it seems necessary to use a method that can control the oxidation of shrimp in both freezing and
refrigerating conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of controlling shrimp oxidation (at
refrigerator temperature) using whey protein coating containing ascorbic acid or α-tocopherol, and to compare the efficacy
of these antioxidants (in combination with whey protein).
Materials and Methods: In order to advance the purpose of the research, shrimp fillets were stored in four treatments,
including treatments No. 1 (control), 2 (shrimp fillet coated by whey protein), 3 (shrimp fillet coated by whey protein +
ascorbic acid) and 4 (shrimp fillet coated by whey protein+ α-tocopherol) at refrigerator temperature for 9 days . In order
to evaluate the oxidation intensity and also the stability of the treatments against oxidative damage, peroxide indices, free
fatty acids, anisidine and thiobarbituric acid of the treatments were determined on days 0, 3, 6 and 9. This study was
implemented in form of completely randomized design and data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Significant
differences among means were tested by Duncan's test at 95 confidence level.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that whey protein alone (treatment 2) as shrimp coating can partially
control the oxidation process of fillet fats compared to control. But when whey protein was combined with ascorbic acid
(treatment 3) and α-tocopherol (treatment 4), the coatings' strength against oxidative deterioration significantly increased
(p<0.05). According to our findings, during the storage period, the lowest amount of peroxide, free fatty acids, anisidine
and thiobarbituric acid indices were related to treatment 3 (p<0.05). During the storage period, all the mentioned indicators
(in all treatments) had an increasing trend, but the slope of this trend was different and the lowest slope was related to
treatment 3. Comparison of fresh shrimp fillet fatty acid profile with fatty acid profile of treatments at day 9 showed that the whey protein coating combined with ascorbic acid (treatment 3) had the most protective effect on the structure of fatty
acids. Overall, according to the results of the present study, it can be claimed that whey protein- ascorbic acid coating is
more effective than whey protein-α-tocopherol coating to increase the oxidative stability of shrimp fillet. Therefore, the
ascorbic acid is more efficacious than α -tocopherol (in combination with whey protein) in controlling the oxidation of shrimp fillets.