كاربرد رويكرد فازي شهودي در بهينه سازي چندهدفه شبكه لجستيك حلقه بسته با تاكيد بر توسعه اشتغال

Application of intuitive fuzzy approach in multi-objective optimization of closed-loop logistics network With emphasis on employment development

در ﺳﺎل ﻫ ﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ، ﻧﮕﺮاﻧﯽ ﻫ ﺎي ز ﯾ ﺴﺖ ﻣﺤ ﯿ ﻄ ﯽ از ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮ و اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻫ ﺎ، ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ و ﺗﺸﺪﯾﺪ ﻓﺸﺎرﻫﺎي دوﻟﺘﯽ و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻻن اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﺸﺮي از ﺳﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ ، ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻫ ﺎي ﻟﺠﺴﺘﯿﮏ ﯾﺎ زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺗﺄﻣ ﯿ ﻦ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ و ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ روزاﻓﺰون ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻟﺠﺴﺘﯿﮏ ﯾﺎ زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺗﺄﻣ ﯿ ﻦ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺮ دو ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻟﺠﺴﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻣﻌﮑﻮس ﻣ ﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻫﺪف از ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ آن ﺗﺮﮐ ﯿﺐ ﻧﻤﻮدن ﻣﻼ ﺣﻈﺎت و ﻣﺤﺪود ﯾ ﺖ ﻫ ﺎي ز ﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤ ﯿ ﻄ ﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺟﻤﻊ آور ي و ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻣ ﺤﺼﻮﻻت اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه ﯾﺎ ﻣﻌﯿﻮب و اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻻزم ﺟﻬﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد ﺑﺎ زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺗﺄﻣ ﯿ ﻦ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر اﻫﺪاف اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﺷﺘﻐﺎل ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﻫﺪف و ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻬﻢ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد. در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﯾﮏ ﻣﺪل ﭼﻨﺪﻫﺪﻓﻪ رﯾﺎﺿﯽ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻓﺎزي ﺷﻬﻮدي ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬ ﯿ ﻨﻪ ﺳﺎز ي ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻟﺠﺴﺘﯿﮏ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﺷﺘﻐﺎل و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﻓﺖ در ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻻﺳﺘﯿﮏ و ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮏ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ اراﺋﻪ ﻣ ﯽ ﮔﺮدد در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ اﺑﺘﺪا اﻫﺪاف ﻣﺘﻨﻮع ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ دﻟﻔﯽ ﻓﺎزي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﮔﺮدد و ﺳﻪ ﻫﺪف اوﻟﻮ ﯾ ﺖ دار در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺄ ﯾ ﯿﺪ و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﮔﺮدد . ﺳﭙﺲ اﻫﺪاف ﺳﻪ ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻓﺎزي ﺷﻬﻮدي وزن دﻫ ﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه و ﻣﺪل ﺳﻪ ﻫﺪﻓﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﺷﺘﻐﺎل ﺑﺎ روش ال ﭘ ﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ ﯾ ﮏ و ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ﮔﻤﺰ ﺣﻞ ﻣ ﯽ ﮔﺮدد .

In recent years, due to resource constraints, environmental concerns on the one hand and the importance of corporate social performance, laws and intensifying government pressures and the attention of social activists and human rights on the other, logistics networks or the closed and stable supply chain has been increasingly considered by researchers. The logistics network or closed-loop supply chain includes both direct and reverse logistics networks, and purpose of designing it is to combine environmental considerations and constraints through the collection and recycling of used or defective products and necessary actions for reuse with a traditional supply chain. In designing these networks, social goals such as increasing employment as a goal and very important social issue are considered. In the present study, a multi-objective mathematical model with intuitive fuzzy approach to optimize the closed-loop logistics network with emphasis on employment development and development of recycling units in the rubber and plastics industries of Bushehr province is presented. In this regard, first, the various objectives in the research background are evaluated with fuzzy Delphi technique and three priority objectives in Bushehr province are approved and introduced. Then the three objectives are weighted with intuitive fuzzy approach and three-objective model with emphasis on the goal of employment development are solved by LP-METRIC method and GAMS software.