چكيده فارسي :
ﭼﮑﯿﺪه در ﻣﯿﺎن ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﻠﺖﻫﺎ، ادﺑﯿﺎت ﮐﻼﺳـــﯿﮏ زﯾﺮﺑﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﮑﻢ ﺷـــﻨﺎﺧﺖە ﺷـــﺪە كە ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﺴــﯿﺎري از روﯾﺪادﻫﺎ و واﻗﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ را از آن، بە وﯾﮋە در ﺷــﻌﺮ ﮐﻼﺳــﯿﮏ ﻓﻬﻤﯿﺪ و ﺑﺮداﺷــﺖ ﮐﺮد. ﺣﺮﯾﻖ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺷــﺎﻋﺮان ﻧﺎﻣﻮر ﺳــﺒﮏ ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﻣﯿﺎنە اﺳـﺖ كە در ﻧﯿﻢەي دوم ﻗﺮن ﻧﻮزدﻫﻢ و آﻏﺎز ﻗﺮن ﺑﯿﺴـﺘﻢ زﯾﺴـﺖە اﺳـﺖ. ﻋﻠﻢ ﺗﺼـﺤﯿﺢ ﻣﺘﻮن، در اﺻـﻄﻼح روﺷـﯽ اﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺪف آن در ﻣﻮرد ﻫﺮ ﻣﺘﻦ، ﺑﻪ دﺳـﺖ دادن ﻣﺘﻨﯽ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻧﺰدﯾﮑﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻦ اﺻـﻠﯽ اﺳـﺖ. ﺗﺼـﺤﯿﺢ دﯾﻮان ﺷـﺎﻋﺮان ﮐﻼﺳـﯿﮏ ﺿـﺮورﺗﯽ اﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺳـﺎس روشﺷـﻨﺎﺳـﯽ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ، ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﺼـﺤﯿﺢ و ﻧﮕﺎه اﻧﺘﻘﺎدي ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺻـﻮرت ﮔﯿﺮد؛ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ روشﻫﺎﺳﺖ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺗﺼﺤﯿﺢ ﻣﺘﻦ را اﻧﺠﺎم داد و آﺳـــﯿﺐﻫـــﺎي ﻣﻮﺟـــﻮد در ﺗﺼﺤﯿﺢ را ﺑﺎزﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ. دﯾﻮان ﺣﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﺎر ﺗﺼــﺤﯿﺢ و ﭼﺎپ ﺷــﺪە اﺳــﺖ؛ اﻣﺎ ﺟﺪاي از اﯾﻦ ﺗﻼشﻫﺎ ﻫﻨﻮز اﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎت ﺑﺴﯿﺎري در ﺿﺒﻂ اﺷﻌﺎر كە ﺑﯿﺸـــﺘﺮ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﻧﻘﺺ در ﻗﺮاﺋﺖ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎ، اﻓﺘﺎدن ﮐﻠﻤﻪ در اﺑﯿﺎت و ﻏﻠﻂ ﻧﮕﺎرﺷـﯽ كە ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻧﺘﯿﺞەي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ذوﻗﯽ ﻧﺎﺳﺨﺎن و ﺷﺎرﺣﺎن اﺳﺖ، در اﯾﻦ دﯾﻮان راه ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. از ﺳﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ ﭼﺎپ ﻣﺠﺪد اﯾﻦ دﯾﻮان ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﻮزاد ﮐﻠﻬﺮ در ﺑﺴﯿﺎري ﻣﻮارد ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ از ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﭼﺎپﻫﺎي ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻧﮑﺎﺳﺘﻪ، ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﻧﺴـﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎپﻫﺎي ﻧﺨﺴـﺘﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺐ ﺑﯽاﻋﺘﺒﺎرﺗﺮ و ﻣﻐﻠﻮطﺗﺮ اﺳـﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ در ﭘﯽ آن اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻤﺪاد از ﻧﺴﺦ ﺧﻄﯽ اﺻﯿﻞ و ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ، ﭘﺎرهاي از اﺷـﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎت اﯾﻦ دﯾﻮان را ﮐﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪد ﻧﺴـﺦ ﺧﻄﯽ آن ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺼـﺤﯿﺢ ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺑﻨﻤﺎﯾﺎﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ در دﺳــﺖ داﺷــﺘﻦ دو ﻧﺴــﺦەي ﺧﻄﯽ از اﯾﻦ دﯾﻮان و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺲەي آن ﻧﺴـﺦ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻦ ﭼﺎﭘﯽ اﯾﻦ دﯾﻮان بە روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ - اﻧﺘﻘﺎد ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﯿﺖ از اﺑﯿﺎت ﻣﺼــﺤﻒ و ﻣﺤﺮف ﺷــﻌﺮ ﺣﺮﯾﻖ ﺑﺎزﺧﻮاﻧﯽ و ﺗﺼــﺤﯿﺢ ﺷــﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ اﯾﻦ اﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎت ﻣـــﯽﺗﻮاﻧـــﺪ ﺑـــﻪ ﯾـــﺎري ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺎن دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﯿﺎﯾﺪ و راه را ﺑﺮ ﺗﮑﺮار اﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑ ﺒﻨﺪد.
چكيده لاتين :
For all nations, classical literature in general and classical poetry, in particular, are recognized rich sources of social, cultural, ethnic, and even historical information about past events and facts. Hariq is one of the famous poets of the Central Kermanji school of poetry who lived in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Hariq’s Divan has been revised and published several times; however, despite the revisor’s attempts, it suffers from many shortcomings such as misspellings, incorrect readings, changes, and missed letters and words resulting in making mistakes in most of the lines. On the other hand, the new revision of Hariq’s Divan by Nawzad Kalhor, in many cases, did not alleviate the problems of previous editions. Yet, it includes more mistakes compared with the earlier publications. Therefore, revising the Divans of classical poets is not complete without following scientific methodology, recognizing appropriate criteria for correction, and a critical analysis of the text. This study adopted an analytical-critical approach to correct some lines of Hariq’s Divan, based on the existing manuscripts. It seeks to show that revising the Divan’s of classical poets, apart from reading the original manuscripts as the base of correction, needs the knowledge of stylistics, prosody, and rhetorics. Recognizing these mistakes can help future revisors and prevent similar mistakes.
