چكيده فارسي :
مسئله اين نوشتار تجربه زيسته زنان رزمنده در جنگ و تاثير آن بر زندگي روزمره آنان و تحول در ذهنيت و مطالبات سياسي- اجتماعي آنان است. جنگ ايران و عراق و مشاركت زنان در آن، عامل بزرگي براي بازانديشي زنان نسبت به نقش سياسي- اجتماعي خود در ايران پس از انقلاب اسلامي بوده است. اساس پژوهش نويسندگان، مصاحبه با چند تن از زنان رزمنده و روش اين پژوهش تحليل محتواي اين مصاحبهها بوده است. اين زنان بيشتر از خانوادههاي سنتي برخاسته اند و حضورشان در جبهه هاي جنگ بسياري از هنجارهاي سنتيشان را با چالش روبه رو ساخته است. آنها از بايدها و نبايدها در مورد جنسيت، در دوره هشت ساله جنگ و در جامعه پساجنگي ازتبعيض ميان زنان رزمنده و مردان در نهادهاي رسمي، سخن گفتهاند. پرسش اصلي نويسندگان اين نوشتار اين است كه: "حضور زنان رزمنده در جنگ ايران و عراق در بازانديشي در نقشهاي سنتي آنان چه تاثيري داشته است؟ پس از تحليل محتواي مصاحبهها نتايج بدست آمده نشان داده كه مشاركت آنان درجنگ و موفقيتشان در انجام وظايفشان در جبهههاي جنگ، عاملي براي بازانديشي در نقشهاي سنتيشان و چالش در گفتمان سنتي بوده است. اين شرايط آنان را براي ورود به عرصه عمومي آماده كرده و مطالباتشان را در حوزه هاي سياسي– اجتماعي گسترده و متفاوت ساخته است.
چكيده لاتين :
War is one of the political and Social phenomena that deeply affected all aspects of life of people. In this situation, many people’s outlook will be changed towards realities and perceptions. The two world war have expanded and influential role in the context of rapid developments around the globe. The issue of this article is the lived experience of women fighters in eight-year war and its impact on their daily lives and the change in their mentality and socio-political demands. The Iran-Iraq war and women's participation in it have been a major factor in women's reflection (rethinking) of their socio-political role in post-revolutionary Iran. In the absence of men, women could find better condition to expand their presence in the public sphere and diverse their social roles.
The authors' research was based on interviews with several women fighters and the method of this research was to analyse the content of these interviews. Many of these women refuse to take part in authors’ interviews, because they are disappointment about the results of these activities. Based on perception about their previous participation, this kind of behaviour had not acceptable outcomes for them. These women have risen above traditional families, and their presence on the battlefield has challenged many of their traditional norms.
The main question of the authors of this article is: "What effect did the presence of women fighters in the Iran-Iraq war have on reflection) rethinking (their traditional roles after analysing the content of the interviews, the results showed that women’s participation in the war and their success " in carrying out their duties on the battlefield, was a factor in reflection (rethinking) their traditional roles and challenging traditional discourse, preparing them for the public arena and their demands in the political realm. The women who participate in planned interview and answered the questionnaires, spoke of the do's and don'ts of gender, in the eight-year war, and in post-war society, discrimination between women fighters and men in official institutions. They have referred to many different forms and kind of discriminations against them.
This research shows that the Iran- Iraq eight-war had very deep impacts on Iranian women, like the previous experiences of women in Europe and the USA. This war lead to rethinking in women’s traditional roles in Iranian social and political life, and consolidation of their self-reliance. This process had continued in post-war Iran and have affected the next generation too, both women and men. But the resistance of a traditional society has not stopped, and different kind of obstacle remain
