كليدواژه :
اقتصاد مقاومتي , تأمين مالي , اوراق اسلامي , تحليل سلسله مراتبي فازي
چكيده فارسي :
هدف: اين مطالعه با هدف رتبه‌بندي و شناسايي بهترين ابزارهاي تأمين مالي به منظور تحقق اقتصاد مقاومتي، براي جمهوري اسلامي ايران تدوين شده است. به اين منظور با شناسايي روش‌هاي تأمين مالي از طريق اوراق اسلامي و روش‌هاي تأمين مالي مرسوم خارجي، مقايسه‌اي با هدف رتبه‌بندي بهترين روش‌هاي تأمين مالي انجام شد.
روش: گردآوري داده‌ها به روش كتابخانه‌اي- ميداني انجام شد. و به وسيله پرسشنامه فازي، نظرات 10 نفر از خبرگان فعال در زمينه اقتصاد مقاومتي گردآوري شده است. روش تجزيه و تحليل اطلاعات، تحليل سلسله مراتبي فازي است. براي تدوين پرسشنامه‌هاي فازي از عبارات كلامي فازي مثلثي استفاده شده است. علاوه بر اين به منظور تخمين واستخراج نتايج تحقيق از نرم‌افزار متلب استفاده شد.
يافته‌ها: نتايج حاصل از روش تحليل سلسله مراتبي فازي نشان داد تأمين مالي از طريق اوراق اسلامي با وزن 6325/0 در مقايسه با تأمين مالي از طريق روش‌هاي مرسوم خارجي با وزن 3675/0 از اولويت بالاتري برخوردار است و براي هريك از اين دو معيار، زير معيارهاي 9 گانه‌اي تعريف و رتبه‌بندي گرديد.
نتيجه‌گيري: در جهت تحقق اقتصاد مقاومتي استفاده از روش‌هاي تأمين مالي اعم از اوراق قرض الحسنه، سرمايه‌گذاري مستقيم، اوراق مشاركت، خطوط اعتباري و فاينانس داراي بيشترين اولويت از منظر خبرگان بود. لذا استفاده از اين ابزارهاي تأمين مالي درجهت تحقق اهداف اقتصاد مقاومتي، توصيه مي‌شود.
چكيده لاتين :
Objective: The discussion of Islamic financial systems has been discussed in the world
financial literature for several decades. The Islamic financial system intends to provide
practical alternatives to conventional financial instruments in the world today by providing
practical methods. The existence of a series of principles such as the sanctity of usury, risksharing,
permissible religious activities, and the like, which govern the Islamic financial
system, has posed serious challenges to Western financial practices. This study has been
compiled for the Islamic Republic of Iran with the aim of ranking and identifying the best
financing instruments in order to achieve a resilient economy. For this purpose, by
identifying financing methods through Islamic securities and conventional foreign financing
methods, a comparison was made with the aim of ranking the best financing methods.
Methods: This article aims to find the best financing methods, seeks to rank the current
methods of Islamic financing and financing methods at the international level. For this
purpose, many options are presented to the researcher. Accordingly, fuzzy hierarchical
analysis method was selected as the research method. Selecting the fuzzy type of this method
helps the researcher to make a more accurate ranking by having a wider range of verbal
propositions. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical method and the
method of data collection is library and survey (field). Sampling in qualitative and
quantitative research is very different because its purpose is to gain a deep understanding of
the phenomenon under study instead of generalizations. Data collection was done by libraryfield
method and by fuzzy questionnaire, the opinions of 10 experts active in the field of
resistance economics were collected. The method of data analysis is fuzzy hierarchical
analysis. Triangular fuzzy verbal expressions have been used to compile fuzzy
questionnaires. In addition, MATLAB software was used to estimate and extract the research
results.
Findings: The results of fuzzy hierarchical analysis method showed that financing through
Islamic securities weighing 0.6325 has a higher priority compared to financing through
conventional foreign methods with a weight of 0.3675 and for each of these two criteria, the
following Nine criteria were defined and ranked.
Conclusion: The purpose of this article is to rank Islamic and foreign financing instruments.
The results of fuzzy hierarchical analysis method showed that if foreign financing methods
are compared with Islamic securities, Islamic securities with a weight of 0.325 and foreign
financing methods with a weight of 0.3675 will be shown, and this result indicates the high
application of Islamic securities with The purpose of financing in the Islamic Republic of
Iran. In addition, among the Islamic securities with the aim of financing, the highest priority
is to use Qarz al-Hasna securities, participation bonds and Mudaraba bonds in comparison
with others. In the group of foreign financing instruments, the highest priority with direct
investment is credit and finance lines. Also, the final results of fuzzy hierarchical analysis
method showed that among the 18 Islamic and foreign financing methods discussed in this
article, Gharz-ul-Hasna bonds, direct investment, participation bonds, credit lines and finance
have the most importance and application compared to others.
