پديد آورندگان :
احمدي، شهرام دانشگاه مازندران - گروه زبان و ادبيات فارسي , پارسايي، محبوبه دانشگاه مازندران - گروه زبان و ادبيات فارسي , قربان زاده، بهروز دانشگاه مازندران - گروه زبان و ادبيات فارسي
كليدواژه :
ادبيات معاصر , سيمين بهبهاني , نازك الملائكة , وارونگي , نماد آب
چكيده فارسي :
آب در نماد شناسي اسطوره هاي جهان، يكي از پر اهميت ترين نماد هاي طبيعي است. نماد آب در چكامه‌هاي سيمين بهبهاني و نازك الملائكه يكي از واژه اي پر بسامد و چند معنا است. از اينرو، اشعارشان پژواكي از بحران هاي انسان معاصر است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسي پيوند نماد آب و پديدۀ وارونگي آن در شعر سيمين بهبهاني و نازك الملائكه نگارندگان در اين جُستار، كوشيده اند؛ تا به خوانش و تحليل تازه اي از نماد وارونگي آب در سرودۀ هاي سرايندگان مدّنظر دست يازند. اين پژوهش، با رويكردي توصيفي – تحليلي در صد آن است، تا نماد وارونگي آب را در شعر سيمين بهبهاني و نازك الملائكه بررسي نمايد. يافته هاي اساسي اين پژوهش نشان مي دهند؛ دو شاعر با توجه به بحران هاي سياسي و اجتماعي جامعۀ عصر خويش نگاهي بدبينانه و يأس آلودي به زندگي خويش داشته اند. در سروده هاي سيمين بهبهاني و نازك الملائكۀ نماد آب حكايت از ترسيم جلوه هايي بسان يأس و نا اميدي، شكست، غربت، تنهايي و مرگ انديشي دارد.
چكيده لاتين :
Sociology of text is a branch of the social approach of literary criticism that occurred in the twentieth century. While relying on the literary text, the sociology of text seeks to fill the gaps that the audience encounter in the literary work and its relation to society, whether in the cultural, social, or political spheres. The new novel, especially the realistic one, illustrates and immortalizes the pains and crises that human beings suffer from and face over time. Khan al-Khalili is one of Najib Mahfouz's most famous realistic novels, depicting his life and social reality, as well as the cultural and political aspects of the Egyptian nation during the First and Second World Wars. Since this novel is valuable as a book full of historical and sociological information and helps the reader to get a general idea about those lived conditions, this paper aims at using a descriptive-analytical method and relying on the social nature of criticism and analysis to study its text. Reading narrative voices, an ideological discourse of the characters, and studying the obvious settings of the novel are important topics investigated in this article. One of the most important results is that the different voices and ideas in the novel are sometimes similar, sometimes contradictory, and sometimes reach that point of ambiguity which indicates the disorder and chaos in Egyptian society and social, cultural, and political systems. Moreover, the novel Khan al-Khalili did not take anything away from the social life of that period and it can be said: the aesthetics of this novel lies in the way of expressing problems, crises, and lived realities while preserving its literary aspects at the same time.
