تببين هستي شناسي دولت ناحيه‌اي كردستان عراق

Explanation of the ontology of the Iraqi Kurdistan Regional Government

29 ﺳﺎل از ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ اوﻟﯿﻦ دوﻟﺖ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ اي در ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺸﯿﻦ ﻋﺮاق ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ارﺑﯿﻞ، ﺳﻠﯿﻤﺎﻧﯿﻪ، دﻫﻮك و ﺣﻠﺒﭽﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺬرد. اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن و دوﻟﺖ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي آن از زواﯾﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ؛ اﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ، ﻣﻮردﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ واﻗﻊ ﻧﮕﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ؛ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ در ﭘﯽ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﯾﻦ دوﻟﺖ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ اي از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ »ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ و ﭼﯿﺴﺘﯽ« و »ﭼﺮاﯾﯽ و ﺿﺮورت« ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ازﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ روش ﮔﺮدآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت، ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮع و اﺑﻌﺎد آن ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و در ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از روش ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻫﺴﺘﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ دوﻟﺖ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ اي ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن ﻋﺮاق ﭼﻨﺪﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻧﻘﺶ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ اي و زﯾﺮﺑﻨﺎﯾﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﯿﺮي دوﻟﺖ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ اي ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن، ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ي ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻃﻠﺒﯽ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ اي ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻃﻠﺒﯽ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ اي زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺳﺎز ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﯿﺮي اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪ ﻧﺎﺳﯿﻮﻧﺎﻟﯿﺴﻢ ﻗﻮﻣﯽ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﻊ آن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻪ ي ﺣﻖ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺳﺮﻧﻮﺷﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰات ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﻣﯿﺎن ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻋﺮاق و در ﭼﻬﺎرﭼﻮب اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي راﯾﺞ در ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن دﻫﯽ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﻓﻀﺎ ﯾﻌﻨﯽ ﺧﻮدﻣﺨﺘﺎري و ﻓﺪراﻟﯿﺴﻢ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.

The Explanaition of the Ontology Iraqi kurdestan Regional Government.

Abstract
Mahmood Mobarakshahi. political Geography phD. Azad Islamic University Science and Research Branch. Tehran.Iran. m.mobarakshahi@gmail.com
Mohamad Reza Hafeznia. porfessor of political geography.Tarbiat Modares University. Tehran.Iran.
hafezn_m@modares.ac.ir
Rebaz ghorbainejad.Assistant professor the Azad Islamic University.Science and Research Branch.Tehran.Iran.
rebazghorbani@gmail.com
Ebrahim Romina. Assistant professor of the Tarbiat Modares University. Tehran .Iran
eroomina@yahoo.com

It has been 29 years since the formation of the first regional government in part of
the Kurdish regions of Iraq. The K.R.G have been studied from different angles; But so far from the ontological point of view, this politico-spatial structure has been studied. This research seeks to study and understand the ontology of this regional government in terms of "nature and essence" and "why and necessity".

The research in this research is fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. the method of data collection is library, and a qualitative method has been used in data analysis. The results of this study show that the effective factors in explaining the ontology of the government of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq are several factors. The most important factor influencing the formation of the Kurdistan Regional Government has been the issue of regional identity. Identity-seeking was a precondition for the formation of the idea of ethnic nationalism and, consequently, the demand for the right to self-determination according to geographical and cultural differences between Kurdistan and other parts of Iraq.

Keywords: ontology, regional governments, identity-seeking, ethnic nationalism, federalism, autonomy،Iraqi kurdistan