ارزيابي محيط زيستي توسعة معدني و تفرّج در جزاير بياباني خليج فارس با توجه به توان اكولوژيكي آنها

Environmental assessment of mineral development and recreation commensurate considering ecological potential in the desert islands of the Persian Gulf

ﺟﺰﯾﺮة ﻫﺮﻣﺰ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺟﺰاﯾﺮ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖﻫﺎي ژﺋﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮد در ﺧﺎورﻣﯿﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ وﺟﻮد ﮔﻨﺒﺪﻫﺎي ﻧﻤﮑﯽ زﯾﺒﺎ و ﺧﺎك ﺑـﺎ 72 ﻃﯿـﻒ رﻧﮕﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﺄﺳّﻔﺎﻧﻪ از ﺟﺎذﺑﻪﻫﺎي آن ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ آن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻻزم ﻧﻤﯽﺷﻮد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺧﯿﺮ در ﻣﺤـﺪودة ﺟﺰﯾـﺮة ﻫﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف اﻣﮑﺎنﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ و ﺗﻔﺮّج و ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺣﺴّﺎس زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ارزﺷﮕﺬاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم رﺳﯿﺪ. ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮر، از روش ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و آﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ اﺻﻮل ﻧﻘﺸﻪﺳﺎزي در ﯾﮕﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻻﯾﻪﻫـﺎي اﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺗﯽ ﺷﯿﺐ، ﺟﻬﺖ، ارﺗﻔﺎع، ﺧﺎك، ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺶ ﺣﯿﺎت وﺣﺶ و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي-اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺪلﻫﺎي اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي و ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ ﺷﺪ. در اداﻣﻪ ﻧﻘﺸﮥ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و آﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺟﺰﯾﺮة ﻫﺮﻣﺰ ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴـﺘﯽ ، ﺧﺼﻮﺻـﯿﺎت ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑـﯽ و ﺷـﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ آب درﯾﺎ و رﺳﻮﺑﺎت اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ 5/5 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ از ﻣﺴـﺎﺣﺖ ﺟﺰﯾـﺮه )ﻣﻌـﺎدل %13/09( ﺗﻮان ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﺷﻬﺮي، 7/8 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ )18/57%( از ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﺟﺰﯾﺮه ﺗﻮان ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ، 11/3 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺗﻮان ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ )ﺑﺮاﺑـﺮ ﺑـﺎ 26/9%( و ﺑﻘﯿـﻪ 41/44% از ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﺰﯾﺮه ﺗﻮان ﺗﻔﺮّج ﮔﺴﺘﺮده دارد. در آﺧﺮ، ﻫﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ارزﺷﮕﺬاري ﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐـﻪ در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﻻي زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ، ﺟﺰﯾﺮة ﻫﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﻔﺮّج ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﻮان ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ و ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﮥ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﺑـﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻨﺪرﻋﺒﺎس و ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﯾﮏ روزه ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟّﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

Hormoz Island is one of the most important islands with unique geomorphological capabilities in the Middle East due to the presence of beautiful salt domes and red soil, which unfortunately its attractions are not used in accordance with its ecological and environmental conditions. The curent study was conducted in the area of Hormoz Island with the aim of assessing the feasibility of economic and social development and protection of biologically sensitive areas of the island. For this purpose, the method of assessing ecological potential and land use planning with the principles of mapping in environmental units and using the system method in ArcGIS 9.2 software and slope, aspect, height, soil, vegetation, wildlife distribution and activity data layers Socio-economic conditions were integrated and a map of ecological potential and landscaping of Hormoz Island was prepared. According to the results, it was found that 5.5 square kilometers of the island area (equivalent to 13.1%) of urban development capacity, 7.8 square kilometers (18.6%) of the island area of mineral development capacity, 11.3 square kilometers of capacity Conservation (equal to 26.9%) and the remaining 41.4% of the island has a wide recreational capacity. Result showed that the Hormoz Island is not able to develop centralized recreation and it is necessary to consider the tourism program based on the physical development of Bandar Abbas and only for the implementation of one-day programs. Of course, with the organization of some rural houses.