اراﺋﻪ ﻣﺪﻟﯽ ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮق ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي در ﺳﺎل 1395

Providing a model for assessing regional electricity companies in 1395

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه: ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻤﺎت ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ، در اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮق ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﻣﻬﻢ در ﮐﺸﻮر، اﻣﺮي اﺳﺖ ﺿﺮوري، ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮان ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ را ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد در آﯾﻨﺪه ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﻧﻤﻮد. ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻘﺎط ﻗﻮت و ﺿﻌﻒ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﯿﺶ از دو دﻫﻪ روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ BSC ،KPI و EFQM در ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮق وﺟﻮد دارﻧﺪ، ﮐﻪ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ اﺻﻠﯽ آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ اﻫﺪاف، اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ و ﺑﻪﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ، و ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ( ﺗﻮﺟﻪ دارد. اﮔﺮ در اﻧﺪازه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد اﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﯽ رخ دﻫﺪ، ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ واﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﻟﺬا، ﻣﺪل ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﭘﻮﺷﺸﯽ داده ﻫﺎ )DEA( ﮐﻪ در ﭼﻬﺎر دﻫﻪ اﺧﯿﺮ رﺷﺪ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮي در ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ، ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ، را اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ ﺷﺒﮑﻪاي ﺷﺮﮐﺖﻫﺎي 16 ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮق ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي، ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﮐﻞ و رﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي )اﺑﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ( آنﻫﺎ در ﺳﺎل 1395 )ﺑﺎزه ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ( ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺪل ﺳﺎزي ﺟﺒﺮي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ )GAMS( اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. داده ﻫﺎ از ﮔﺰارش ﻫﺎ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺮﺳﯽ و ﻫﯿﺌﺖ ﻣﺪﯾﺮه ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از دو روش ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺑﻮده، ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﮐﻪ ازﻧﻈﺮ رﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي 3 ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻋﻤﺪه ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻫﺎ در ﻧﺰدﯾﮑﯽ ﻣﺮز ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ: ﺷﺮﮐﺖﻫﺎي ﮐﻮﭼﮏ و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﮐﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ داراي رﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ و ﮐﺎراﺗﺮ هستند.

Performance appraisal in electricity industry by the meaning of assessment of management decisions’ effectiveness and all workers’ efforts in regional companies in using resources and facilities of the industry as an infrastructural and nurturing industry is quite vital that in turn helps recognize the performance in the past and make plans for the future activities. On this basis, weakness and strength of the companies could be identified and appropriate planning be made according to the facilities, budget and existing human resources in order to maintain the strength points and make improvements on the weaknesses. This research work is practical and its data has been gathered from the reports issued by the statistical society of the independent auditors’ and the state audit firm as well as the board’s reports to the General Assembly of the Shareholders, which are 16 Regional Electricity Companies in charge of supplying reliable and sustainable electricity in the country. Along with analyzing various methods for performance appraisal for a two decade period using methods such as KPI, BSC, EFQM and so forth, regional companies’ performance have been assessed at each stage and totally to finally rank them (Cloud-efficiency Model) using Data Evaluation Analysis (DEA) model in 1395 by designing a 3-stage model with 5 input indices, 2 intermediate indices and 7 output indices with constant returns to scale in the form of multiplicative inputs utilizing GAMS software package. The conducted analysis demonstrate that two models yield different results such that only ranking of three regional companies are close and the rest show substantial discrepancy. In terms of the regional companies’ performance assessment using DEA model, one company is performing efficiently, ten companies are close to the borderline and five companies perform far from being efficient. Finally, it could be stated that small and medium size companies perform more effective than large size companies.