ﻣﺪل ﺳﺎزي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ و اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﺳﻠﻮل ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪي در ﺣﻀﻮر ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰﮐﻨﻨﺪه و ﺑﺪون آن، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ

Thermal and Electrical Performance Modeling of a Solar Cell with and without a Concentrator under Different Environmental Conditions

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه: ﻣﺪل ﺳﺎزي و ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي، ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺘﻮوﻟﺘﺎﺋﯿﮏ دارد. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﮏ رﻫﯿﺎﻓﺖ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ و ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ ﺳﻠﻮل ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪي در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺪل ﺳﺎزي ﺣﺮارت و دﻣﺎ در ﯾﮏ ﺳﻠﻮل ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪي ﺳﯿﻠﯿﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﺗﺠﺎري، ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺗﻠﻔﺎت ﮔﺮﻣﺎﯾﯽ و ﺑﺎ روش اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺣﺮارت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﺛﺮات ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺷﺪت ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﻧﻮر ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰﮐﻨﻨﺪه، دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﯿﻂ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎد ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ دﻣﺎ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﺳﻠﻮل ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪي، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺷﺪت ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﻧﻮر ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ در ﺳﻠﻮل ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪي، ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮان ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد STC)(، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻮان ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﺳﻠﻮل ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪي ﻣﺪل ﺷﺪه ﺑﺪون ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ mW/cm2 14/3 اﺳﺖ، درﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻮان ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﻫﻤﺎن ﺳﻠﻮل در ﺣﻀﻮر ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ دو، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار mW/cm2 25/7 ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ رﺳﯿﺪ. از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ دﻣﺎ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺎزدﻫﯽ و ﺗﻮان ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﺳﻠﻮل ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪي ﻣﺪل ﺷﺪه در ﻫﺮ دو ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰﮐﻨﻨﺪه و ﺑﺪون آن، ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه oC/% ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽ ﯾﺎﺑﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه، ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎد اﺧﺘﻼف دﻣﺎي ﺳﻠﻮل ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪي و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد.

Modeling and simulation play a critical role in designing, developing, and predicting the performance of photovoltaic systems. This paper aims to develop a new approach to simulate a solar cell's electrical and thermal performance under various environmental conditions. Heat and temperature modeling in a commercial silicon solar cell has been performed by calculating heat losses via heat transfer method. The effects of environmental conditions on the temperature distribution and electrical efficiency of the solar cell, such as variations in the intensity of sunlight using a concentrator, ambient temperature, and wind speed, have also been investigated. Increasing the intensity of sunlight by using a concentrator will increase the output power of the solar cell. The simulation results show that under standard test conditions (STC), the output power of the modeled solar cell without a concentrator is 14.3 mW/cm2, whereas the output power of the same cell in the presence of a concentrator device with a concentration ratio of two is 25.7 mW/cm2. On the other hand, as temperature rises, the efficiency and output power of the solar cell decreases by 0.4-0.5 %/oC in both concentrator and non-concentrator modes. Also, the obtained results indicate that as wind speed rises, the temperature difference between the solar cell and the ambient decreases.