پديد آورندگان :
قليزاده، فرزانه دانشگاه هنر اسلامي تبريز - دانشكده معماري و شهرسازي - گروه معماري، تبريز، ايران , غفاري، عباس دانشگاه هنر اسلامي تبريز - دانشكده معماري و شهرسازي - گروه فناوري معماري، تبريز، ايران , كي نژاد، محمدعلي دانشگاه هنر اسلامي تبريز - دانشكده معماري و شهرسازي - گروه معماري، تبريز، ايران
كليدواژه :
آكوستيك معماري , هندسه پلان , هندسه ساختاري , مسجد
چكيده فارسي :
شنيدار مطلوب در مساجد از ضروريات طراحي اين فضا بوده و مستلزم مجانست صحيح مولفه‌هاي معماري است. شكل پلان و ساختار فرمي از مهمترين آن‌ها و مورد مطالعه پژوهشگران است، ليكن در مطالعات ميداني، امكان وجود هندسه ساختاري با مصالح ثابت فراهم نيست و اين مساله، چالش اصلي اين مطالعه است. هندسه شكلي پلان يكي از عوامل تعيين‌كننده نحوه پخشايي صدا در فضاي معماري است و اين در حاليست كه هندسه ساختاري نيز در اين ميان تاثيرگذار است. هدف اين پژوهش، تحليل تاثير هندسه شكلي بر كيفيت آكوستيكي در ساختار فرمي ستوندار مساجد است كه در رده‌بندي‌هاي متنوع حجمي قابل ارزيابي است. پژوهش حاضر 12 نمونه مختلف از مساجد تاريخي شهر تبريز با هندسه ساختاري ثابت را در چهار رده حجمي و در سه دسته‌بندي شكلي مستطيلي طولي، مستطيلي عرضي و مربعي مورد تحليل قرار داده است. مطالعه حاضر با سنجش ميداني پيش رفته و استناد سنجش ISO3382 است. نويز زمينه، زمان واخنش و تراز فشار صدا متغيرهاي آكوستيكي مورد مطالعه است. نتايج پژوهش نشان مي‌دهد علي‌‌رغم اينكه هندسه طولي، عملكرد متفاوت‌تري نسبت به ديگر نمونه‌هاي سنجش ارائه مي‌دهد، اما در حالت كلي هندسه ساختاري ارجح‌تر از هندسه شكلي است و با استناد به برداشت‌هاي دوربين صوتي، ثبوت آن منجر به همساني رفتار آكوستيكي در نمونه‌ها مي‌شود.
چكيده لاتين :
The mechanical sound wave tends to propagate freely in space. In the open environment, sound energy decreases over time due to geometric divergence and environmental losses, but in the closed environment, which is defined by architecture;
The boundaries of the space create another event on the produced sound and make its features more different. The shape of
the mentioned range affects the sound quality and the architectural space in its 6 dimensions is defined as a range in which
the sound acquires different qualities in dealing with it. The desired acoustic quality in the construction of mosques is one
of the requirements for the design of this space, because the audience interacts with their sense of hearing in the presence
and benefit of this place of worship. The desired listener in the architectural space requires the correct knowledge of the
architectural components, the shape of the plan and the formal structure are among the most important. The geometric
shape of the plan is one of the factors determining how sound is distributed in the architectural space, while the structural
geometry and form of the space are also influential. If it is possible to study only some of the variables by proving some
parameters in architectural aspects; It can be argued that the effect of the selected factor on the acoustic quality has been
investigated. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of plan shape geometry on acoustic quality in the columnar
form model of mosques, which can be evaluated in various volumetric classifications. The present study has selected the
geometry of the plan as a study variable among the various components of architecture and the elements that form the form
such as columns, domes, materials, etc. that is called formal geometry. In order to achieve its goal, 12 different examples
of historical mosques in Tabriz that have fixed structure geometry; It has been analyzed in 4 volumetric categories and in
three formal categories. The study tool is field measurement and is based on ISO3382 measurement. Background noise,
Reverberation time and sound pressure level are the acoustic variables studied. The research results prove that formal
geometry dominates the research results and its proof has led to the similarity of quantitative and qualitative acoustic
achievements. In other words, it can be said that in the acoustics of mosques, formal geometry is preferable to plan
geometry, which determines the acoustic quality of the space. If other examples are designed with similar formal geometry,
regardless of the plan geometry in them, similar acoustic behaviors will not be unexpected. However, there are slight
differences in the longitudinal geometry of both the quantitative results and the qualitative achievements of the sound
camera; Indicates the need to pay attention to the elongation of space in the direction of the Qqibla. Therefore, in general, it
can be said that the research achievement states that despite the fact that longitudinal geometry offers a different function,
in a more comprehensive view, formal geometry in same material is preferable to plan geometry and its stability has led to homogeneity of acoustical behavior in samples.
