پديد آورندگان :
ميرغلامي، مرتضي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﻨﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﻌﻤﺎري و ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎزي، ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ، اﯾﺮان , كي نژاد، محمدعلي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺳﻬﻨﺪ - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﻋﻤﺮان، ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ، اﯾﺮان , عليزاده، بهرام داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﻨﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﻌﻤﺎري و ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎزي، ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ، اﯾﺮان
كليدواژه :
عدالت اسلامي , عدالت فضايي , برنامه‌ريزي شهري عدالت‌محور , سند طرح جامع تبريز
چكيده فارسي :
تسلط نظام سرمايه‌داري بر ساختارها و فرايندهاي برنامه‌ريزي شهري، بين منافع خصوصي و عمومي در هنگام توليد و بازتوليد فضاهاي شهري، تعارض ايجاد كرده است. برنامه‌ريزي شهري عدالت‌محور رهيافتي نوين براي حل اين تعارض است. اما به دليل وابستگي مفهوم عدالت به شرايط زماني، مكاني و جهان‌بيني، ارائۀ چارچوبي جهان‌شمول از عدالت فضايي تا حدودي ناممكن است اما منطبق‌سازي آن با ارزش‌هاي جامعۀ مورد مطالعه ضرورت دارد. اين پژوهش از يك سو به دنبال تبيين چارچوبي جهت ارزيابي عدالت فضايي منطبق بر ارزش‌هاي جامعۀ اسلامي- ايراني و از سوي ديگر به دنبال ارزيابي آخرين طرح جامع تبريز از لحاظ ميزان و چگونگي دستيابي آن به عدالت فضايي در شهر است. روش پژوهش در بخش تبييني، استدلال منطقي و در بخش ارزيابي، تحليل محتواست.
مفهوم عدالت در آراي متفكران پرورش‌يافته در جهان‌بيني اسلامي با چهار معيار كانوني هم‌عرض «كنترل اجتماعي»، «حق»، «كرامت انساني» و «انصاف» گره خورده است. از ترجمۀ اين معيارها در ساحت برنامه‌ريزي شهري مي‌توان به چهار معيار هم‌عرض «خودتنظيمي»، «حق مردم بر شهر»، «توانمندسازي» و «تعادل فضايي» رسيد. معيار خودتنظيمي بر بعد سياسي، معيار حق مردم بر شهر بر بعد حقوقي، معيار توانمندسازي بر ابعاد اجتماعي- اقتصادي و تعادل فضايي بر بعد كالبدي عدالت فضايي، تأكيد دارد. ارزيابي محتواي سند طرح جامع تبريز نشان داد كه تهيه‌كنندگان اين طرح، دستيابي به عدالت فضايي را بيشتر از طريق استفادۀ بهينه از زمين مطالبه كرده‌اند. چنين مطالبه‌اي، بيش از آنكه سياسي، حقوقي و اجتماعي باشد، كالبدي و اقتصادي است و راه را براي تسلط منفعت خصوصي بر منفعت عمومي در شهر هموار مي‌سازد.
چكيده لاتين :
The dominance of the capitalist system on the structures
and processes of the urban planning system has
led urban development patterns toward generating
income. The prevalence of such this pattern has created
a conflict between private and public interests.
Attempt to resolve this conflict has led urban planning
to the concept of spatial justice; so that spatial justice
in urban planning has been defined as thinking about
how to resolve conflicts between the public and private
interests in the city. However, due to the dependence
of the concept of spatial justice on
worldview, it would be impossible to provide a universal
framework, newly. The concept of spatial justice
in view of leftist urban planners towards claiming
of right and the rightist urban planners towards civil
liberties has moved. Therefore, it seems that the
presentation of a conceptual and practical framework
based on Islamic worldview is necessary. This research
is a developmental and fundamental research.
It, on the one hand, seeks to explain a theoreticaloperational
framework of spatial justice in the Islamic
city and, on the other hand, it seeks to assess spatial
justice position in the structure and process of the
urban planning system of Iran in general and the
comprehensive plan document of Tabriz city in particular.
In this research to the assessment of spatial
justice position in the content of the comprehensive
plan document of Tabriz city (Approved 1395) has
been addressed.
The methodology of research has been at explaining
stage of the theoretical-operational framework,
the rational reasoning method; in the stage of
documents content analysis, the discourse analysis
method with emphasis on De Saussure semiotics and
an assessment stage, balanced scorecard method.
The most important finding of this research is the
development of an analytical framework for assessing
the spatial justice in urban development plans;
framework that its intellectual foundation is based on
Islamic worldview. This study shows that spatial justice
in the Islamic city can be defined and evaluated
through four criteria: "self-regulation", "the right to
the city", "empowerment" and "spatial equilibrium".
The self-regulation means active control of residents
on urban development; the right of the people
to the city means the equal right of all from right to
urban life as a rich culture and diverse cultural environment
without any discrimination (gender, age,
health status, Income, nationality, race, immigration
status or political and religious orientations); the empowerment
means development of human-environmental
capabilities and, finally, The spatial equilibrium
has been defined in terms of the elimination of
the disappearance of the layers of spatial poverty on
human poverty. The evaluation of the content of the
comprehensive plan of Tabriz city showed that the
plan has been seek spatial justice through efficient
and optimal use of land. Such view of the realization
of spatial justice in the city, more than political, legal
and social is a physical and economic view; and it can
pave way for abuses of the private sector.
