مقايسه تطبيقي عكس طراحي شده در اينستاگرام و عكس‌مفهومي با توجه به آراي لِو مانويچ

Comparative comparison of photo designed on Instagram and conceptual photo, according to Lev Manovich's views

مطالعات لو مانويچ در اينستاگرام به بررسي گرايش عمومي مردم به عكاسي به ويژه نسل جوان اختصاص دارد. مانويچ به طور كلي عكس‌هاي به اشتراك گذاشته شده در اينستاگرام را به سه دسته عكس‌هاي عمومي، حرفه‌اي و طراحي شده تقسيم مي‌كند. او پس از مقايسه ويژگي عكس‌هاي عمومي و حرفه‌اي با همتايان مشابه آن‌ها در قرن بيستم، عكس‌هايي طراحي شده را به طور مشخص منتسب به دوران ظهور اينستاگرام مي‌كند. سبكي كه به اعتقاد وي زيبا‌شناسي منحصر به فرد آن حاصل تركيبي از انتخاب‌هاي فردي و امكانات اينستاگرام مي‌باشد. اين پژوهش قصد دارد با روش توصيفي تحليلي به معرفي عكس‌هاي طراحي شده بپردازد و آن‌ها را با عكس‌هاي مفهومي در قرن بيستم قياس كند. گردآوري داده‌ها در اين پژوهش با استفاده از اسناد كتابخانه‌اي و منابع مكتوب الكترونيكي صورت پذيرفته است. يافته‌هاي پژوهش نشان مي‌دهد كه بر اساس شباهت‌هاي يافت شده بين دو گروه مذكور، عكس‌هاي طراحي شده را مي‌توان در امتداد سير تحول عكس‌هاي مفهومي برشمرد. همچنين مشخص مي‌شود كه تفاوت‌هاي آن دو نيز تحت تأثير بستر ارائۀ عكس‌ها در اينستاگرام و همچنين ويژگي‌ دوربين‌هاي تلفن همراه حاصل شده است. دو عامل مهمي كه موجب مي‌شود صرف‌نظر از شباهت‌هاي ساختاري، اهداف آن‌ها در مقابل يكديگر قرار بگيرند.

Today, millions of people around the world use digital cell phones and social networks to produce and share modern cultural products across a wide geography. The importance of virtual communication networks stems from the fact that the audiences of such networks are able to play a role in both consumer and producer positions. Among the virtual social networks, Instagram is one of the networks that has become one of the most important communication systems of the last decade since its establishment (2010) due to its popularity and significant growth in terms of user attraction. Instagram is an instant mobile photo sharing service that quickly came to the forefront. One of the reasons for the success of this communication system is the consumption of photos and video images, which has become one of the most import‌‌‌‌ant social trends in virtual communication today. In the book Instagram and Contemporary Images, Manovich highlights the importance of Instagram, in addition to aligning the network with the camera, cell phone mechanism, as well as sharing everyday images, and believes that this feature not only distinguishes Instagram from other similar visual programs, but also shows new generation of photos. In this book, after reviewing photos shared by Instagram users, Manovich divides them into three types: casual photos, professional photos and designed photos. Manovich After comparing photos of casual and professional with similar counterparts in the twentieth century, he specifically considers the type of designed photos belongs to the era of the rise of Instagram. The type, which he believes is unique in its aesthetics, is the result of a combination of individual choices and Instagram features. He attributes this type of photography specifically to the period he calls Instagramism. Due to the novelty of the subject and the importance of its reflection in other interdisciplinary studies related to art, media and culture, This research intends to introduce the type of designed photos with a descriptive and deductive analytical method and compare it with photographs of conceptual art style. Data collection in this study was done using library documents and written electronic sources and the theoretical foundation of research is based on the views of Lev Manovich in the book of Instagram and Contemporary images.The photographs used in the study were also purposefully selected based on the selection and display criteria of the photographs designed by Manovich. Also, photographs of conceptual art style that have been selected for comparison with the designed photos style have been selected qualitatively and according to the prominent features of the style of conceptual art photos. Based on the similarities, the research findings show that the style of the designed photos can be enumerated along the life of the photographs of the conceptual art style. Also, It is recognized that the differences between the two groups have been influenced by the context in which Instagram is presented, as well as the features of mobile cameras. Two important factors that make them stand out against each other regardless of the structural similarities between the two groups of their goals.