بررسي ارتباط شخصيت پويا و معنويت فردي و سازماني با تعلق شغلي: نقش ميانجي معناي كار

Investigating the Relationship between Proactive Personality and Personal and Organizational Spirituality with Job Engagement: Mediating Role of Meaning of Work

انسان‌ها به واسطه كار معناي وجودي خويش را مي‌يابند و از اين جهت كار مي‌تواند بنيان و كانون زندگي بشر قلمداد شود. از اين رو، هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسي اين موضوع بود كه چگونه شخصيت پويا و معنويت فردي و سازماني پرستاران مي‌تواند سبب بهبود ادراك معناداري كار و تعلق شغلي حاصل از آن شود. طرح اين پژوهش توصيفي از نوع همبستگي مي‌باشد. جامعه آماري پژوهش مشتمل بر كليه پرستاران شاغل در دانشگاه علوم پزشكي رفسنجان در سال 1398 مي‌باشد كه از بين آنها 270 نفر به روش نمونه‌گيري تصادفي خوشه‌اي انتخاب گرديد. از پرسشنامه‌هاي معنويت فردي و سازماني، شخصيت پويا، معناداري كار و تعلق شغلي براي گردآوردي داده استفاده شد. پس از اطمينان از پايايي و روايي ابزار پژوهش، تحليل داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار Lisrel 8.8 و با رويكرد مدل‌سازي معادلات ساختاري انجام گرفت. يافته‌ها حاكي از آن بود كه هر چند معنويت فردي، تجارب پرستاران را از معناداري كارشان افزايش نمي‌دهد؛ اما اين سازه همراه با متغيرهاي معنويت سازماني و شخصيت پويا مي‌توانند به عنوان پيشايندهاي تعلق شغلي مد نظر قرار گيرند. در نهايت، شواهد حاكي از تأييد نقش ميانجي‌گري نسبي معناداري كار در ارتباط بين اين سازه‌هاي سه گانه با تعلق شغلي در جامعه مورد مطالعه بود.

Many people, despite having enough income, lose their existential meaning when they have nothing to do; therefore, work can be considered as the foundation of human life. But, the important question is which factors affect the meaning of employees' work? The meaning of work (MOW) has been conceptualized from different angles such as organizational characteristics such as culture that reflects the spiritual values of the organization or as an expression of personal spirituality in the workplace. Therefore, to understand the MOW, it is necessary to research the integration of personal spiritual values with the cultural values of the organization. However, the important point in this regard is that employees can also develop the meaning of work based on their other experiences and personality traits. Proactive personalities influence their surroundings and often choose environments that are compatible with their values and interests. Because such individuals are receptive to new work experiences, they tend to focus on organizations and occupations that provide high levels of meaningful work. Therefore, it is expected that employees with proactive personalities attach great value to the meaning of their work. On the other hand, given the support of most previous studies that there is a strong link between MOW and employee job engagement, it can be argued that employees improve their job engagement in proportion to the experience of meaning in their work and meaningful work can be a way to improve employee’s job engagement.