بررسي نقش عوامل موثر بر بهبود چرخه مديريت بحران جهت كاهش آسيب پذيري شهروندان در برابر مخاطرات طبيعي ( نمونه موردي :شهر قائمشهر)

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ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن و رﻋﺎﯾﺖ اﺻﻮل ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﺳﺎز ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ آﺳﯿﺐ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﻬﺎي ) ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ( ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ.ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ وارد اﻣﻮر ﺷﻬﺮي ﮔﺮدد. از آﻧﺠﺎ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺧﻮد ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﭘﯿﺪا ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ، ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان ﮔﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد . ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﮔﺎم اول ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان) ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺧﻄﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي، ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺨﺮب، آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ، ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ و ﻫﺸﺪار اوﻟﯿﻪ، ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد و ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﺑﯽ( در ﺷﻬﺮ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺸﻬﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺳﭙﺲ ارﺗﺒﺎط اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي آﺳﯿﺐ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﻣﻮرد ﺳﻨﺠ ﺶ ﻗﺮار ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ 500 ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ) ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺧﺒﺮه اﻣﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان و دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي اﻣﺪادرﺳﺎن در ﺳﻮاﻧﺢ و ﺣﻮادث ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . و ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﺑﯽ در ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان ﺷﻬﺮ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺸﻬﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دو ﺳﻮال ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از آزﻣﻮن t ﺗﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي و ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ Spearmans ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ .ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان)ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺧﻄﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي 2/09=x ، ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺨﺮب 1/94=x ، آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ2/40=x ،ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ و ﻫﺸﺪار اوﻟﯿﻪ 2/37=x ،ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ 2/74=x و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد و ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﺑﯽ 2 /66=x ( ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﻮرد اﻧﺘﻈﺎر اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﯾﮏ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ دار ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ آﺳﯿﺐ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي وجود دارد.

Paying attention to building safety and durability and observing the principles of construction engineering alone is not enough to reduce the vulnerability of cities to crises (natural and unnatural). Rather, it is necessary for crisis management to enter urban affairs as one of the most vital levels of management. Since crisis management makes sense with its components and cycle, it is necessary to take a step by identifying the factors affecting the crisis management cycle. an‎d reduction of destructive effects, preparedness, forecasting and initial warning, response and improvement and recovery) in Ghaemshahr city and then the relationship between these components and vulnerability indicators will be assessed. The nature of the present study in terms of practical purpose and method Descriptive, analytical and survey research based on the distribution of 500 questionnaires among the statistical population (experts in crisis management and disaster relief services. an‎d retrieval in the crisis management cycle of Ghaemshahr city. Inferential results for the analysis of two research questions One-sample t-test and Spearmans correlation coefficient have been used. Based on the available findings from the studies, it shows that the study area in terms of crisis management components (risk analysis x = 2.09, prevention and Reduction of destructive effects x = 1.94, readiness x = 2.40, forecast and initial warning x = 2.37, responsive X = 2.74 and recovery and recovery x = 2.66 is less than the expected average. There is also a significant relationship between the components of crisis management and vulnerability reduction.