تبيين تحولات كاربري اراضي بخش مركزي شهرستان رشت در دو دهه اخير(مطالعه موردي:دهستان پيربازار)

Survey of land use developments in the central part of Rasht city in the last two decades (case study: Pirbazar rural district)

هدف از انجام اين پژوهش بررسي ميزان تغييرات كاربري اراضي دهستان پيربازار در دو دهه اخير مي باشد. روش تحقيق پژوهش بر اساس هدف كاربردي و بر اساس ماهيت توصيفي- تحليلي مي باشد و به دو روش كتابخانه اي و ميداني مورد بررسي قرار گرفته است. در بخش مطالعات كتابخانه اي اطلاعات سرشماري كشاورزي دهستان پيربازار از توابع بخش مركزي شهرستان رشت از سازمان برنامه و بودجه استان اخذ گرديد.در راستاي اهداف تحقيق با استفاده از ابزار پرسشنامه از مديران محلي دهستان پيربازار اطلاعات مورد نظر گردآوري شد و در نرم افزار SPSS مورد تجزيه و تحليل قرار گرفت. روش نمونه گيري در پژوهش حاضر به روش تمام سرشماري و حجم نمونه 18 نفر مي باشد. همچنين از اطلاعات تصاوير ماهواره اي لندست 7 و 8 در سالهاي 2000 ،2010 ،2017 در اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻃﺒﻖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ در دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﭘﯿﺮﺑﺎزار 1127 ﻫﮑﺘﺎر زﻣﯿﻦ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﻮدن ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ و دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ و درﻫﻢ ﺗﻨﯿﺪﮔﯽ و ادﻏﺎم ﺷﺪﮔﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ )0/69=P =0/000 ،r( را ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار و ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﯽ اﻟﮕﻮي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿﯽ دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﭘﯿﺮﺑﺎزار داﻧﺴﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻮاره اي دو دﻫﻪ اﺧﯿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ-ﺗﺠﺎري-ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺟﻤﻌﺎ 15/7 درﺻﺪ و زﻣﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﯾﺮ 9/9 درﺻﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي داﺷﺘﻪ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ از ﺳﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﻢ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ 4/6 درﺻﺪ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي زﻣﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي زراﻋﯽ 20/9 درﺻﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the land use changes in Pirbazar village during the last two decades. The research method is based on applied purpose and on the basis of descriptive-analytical nature and has been studied in both library and field methods. In library studies section of agricultural census information of Pirbazar district was obtained from functions of central part of Rasht city from provincial planning and budget organization. For the purpose of research, questionnaires were collected from local managers of Pirbazar district and analyzed by SPSS software. it placed. The sampling method in the present study was all census and sample size was 18 people. Landsat 7 and 8 satellite imagery data for 2000, 2010, 2017 were also used in GIS software. According to the findings,1127 hectares of agricultural land have been changed in Pirbazar district. Therefore, correlation coefficients of distance and accessibility to the city are higher and rural integration and integration (r = 0/69, P = 0.000) can be the most important. An influential factor was the pattern of land use changes in Pirbazar village. Also the results of satellite images of the last two decades showed that residential-commercial-industrial land use has changed by %7/15 and wasteland by %9/9 Land use decreased by %6/4 and land use by %9/20 reduction in area.