آسيب‌شناسي اجتماعي مجتمع‌هاي مسكوني اقشار كم‌درآمد بر اساس شاخص‌هاي كالبدي معماري (نمونه موردي: شهرجديد صدرا)

Social pathology of low-income residential complexes based on physical characteristics of architecture (Case study: Sadra new city)

ﯾﮑﯽ از اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ اﻗﺸﺎر ﮐﻢ درآﻣﺪ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻟﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آن اﻟﮕﻮ در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ، آﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ را در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻫﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داد. در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ آﺳﯿﺐ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ اﻗﺸﺎر ﮐﻢ درآﻣﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻣﻌﻤﺎري اﺳﺖ.اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ و ﻧﻮع ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اي-ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و روش اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ذﮐﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ و ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﻓﺮاد ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ و ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺳﺎﮐﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ اﻗﺸﺎر ﮐﻢ درآﻣﺪ در ﺷﻬﺮﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺻﺪرا ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻌﺎدل 35318ﻧﻔﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻌﺎدل 380 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ، ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ آﻣﺎري آﻣﻮس ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﺪل ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺒﻠﻤﺎن و زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﺎ، ﻧﻈﺎم ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي، دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ، ﻧﻮر و روﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ، ﻧﻈﺎم ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺘﯽ- ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي و ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ ﮔﺬاري را در آﺳﯿﺐ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ دارا ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و اﯾﻦ اﺛﺮﮔﺬاري در ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي آﺳﯿﺐ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﻣﻨﯿﺖ1,01 و ﺑﺮاي رواﺑﻂ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ و ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﯿﻦ0,66 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

One of the main issues regarding the design of low-income housing complexes is that there is no comprehensive model that can be used to reduce social harm in these complexes. In this regard, in this article, the main purpose of social pathology of low-income residential complexes is based on the physical characteristics of architecture. This article was descriptive-analytical according to the nature and type of research which is developmental-applied and the method of doing it. It was noteworthy that questionnaires and interviews were used as the main tools for data collection. In this dissertation, the questionnaires were distributed and completed by the statistical community through random sampling. The statistical population was the residents of low-income residential complexes in the new city of Sadra, which was equivalent to 35,318 people. Also, Amos statistical analysis software using structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that furniture and infrastructure, functional system, access, light and lighting, activity-user system and spatial physicality have the greatest impact on social harm, respectively, and this effect on the components of social harm for security 1. 01 and for social relations, cognition and participation of residents is calculated 0.66.