تاثير تحولات كالبدي فضايي بر تغييرات اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فيزيكي نواحي روستايي وگردشگري (مطالعه موردي: بخش كن و دهستان سولقان )

The Impact of Physical Spatial Developments on Economic, Social and Physical Changes in Rural and Tourism Areas (Case Study: Kan and Sulghan Districts)

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ در دو دﻫﻪ اﺧﯿﺮ در ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎدر ﺣﺎل ﮔﺴﺘﺮش اﺳﺖ.اﯾﻦ روﻧﺪ در ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺎذﺑﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه اي از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﮐﻮﻫﺴﺘﺎن وآﺑﺸﺎر و ﺑﺎﻏﺎت ﻣﯿﻮه و ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﺎ زﯾﺎرﺗﮕﺎه دارﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ رواج ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﺧﺎﻧﻪ دوم ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ اراﺿﯽ زراﻋﯽ و ﺑﺎغ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزان را از اداﻣﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ زراﻋﯽ روﯾﮕﺮدان ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ.از اﯾﻦ رو ﻫﺪف از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻦ و دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﺳﻮﻟﻘﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻟﺬا روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ آن ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 3330 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺳﺎﮐﻨﯿﻦ روﺳﺘﺎي ﮐﻦ ﺳﻮﻟﻘﺎن ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 334 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ درﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت و داده ﻫﺎي ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ، ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ )ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ، اﻧﺤﺮاف اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد و...( و روش ﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ)آزﻣﻮن ﺗﯽ ﺗﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي( در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰاري SPSS ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از 0/7 و ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0,841 ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ، از اﯾﻦ رو ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﯿﻨﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي دوم روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪاره آﻣﺎره )t27,606 =( در ﺑﺨﺶ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ روﺳﺘﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪاره آﻣﺎره )t19,00 =( در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ وﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ در ﻃﺮز ﻧﮕﺮش، ﻫﻨﺠﺎرﻫﺎ و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪاره آﻣﺎره )t13,272 =( در ﺑﺨﺶ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻦ- ﺳﻮﻟﻘﺎن ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Physical-spatial developments have been expanding in many villages over the last two decades. This trend has developed in habitats with natural attractions, such as the mountains, waterfalls and fruit gardens, and especially the shrine. Lands and gardens to residential areas have turned farmers away from continuing farming activities. One of the most important rural areas of Tehran affected by this phenomenon. Since Solghan and Bakhshand have undergone many changes, also to Investigate Land Use Transformations from Landsat 5 and 7 Satellite Images Information 1991 to 2016 is used in GIS software. The research method depends on the purpose and nature of the research and its feasibility, so according to the nature of the present study, the research method is descriptive in which we examine the status of developments and make the results practical, resulting in a day-to-day approach. In addition to rural residents changing land use and converting them into marketable pieces of land to build second homes, this process has changed the rural socio-cultural context of the area to change the rural landscape, texture, physical, structural and functional change of the villages. . Consequently, as awareness of land use patterns and changes over time is a prerequisite for optimal use of national capital, therefore, land use mapping as the most important goal in natural resource base management can be the case Notice.