تداوم ارزش‌هاي جغرافياي طبيعي در عرصۀ حفاظت از ميراث معماري شهر (مورد پژوهي: ميراث معماري شهر تاريخي چغازنبيل)

Continuation of natural geographical values in the field of conservation of the city's architectural heritage(Case study: Architectural heritage of the historical city of Choghaznabil)

ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬاري ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻧﺪﯾﺸﮥ اﻧﺴﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻠﻖ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﻣﻌﻤﺎري، ﮐﻪ ارزش ﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ را ﺷﮑﻞ ﻣﯽ دﻫﻨﺪ، در ﻋﺮﺻﮥ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﻣﯿﺮاث ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺷﻬﺮ ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎﯾﺪ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ آن ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮد. ﺿﻌﻒ در ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ و ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ارزش ﻫﺎ، ﺳﺒﺐ از دﺳﺖ رﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﺛﺮﮔﺬار و ﯾﮏ ﭘﺎرﭼﮕﯽ ﻣﯿﺮاث ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺑﺎ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اش ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. از ﺳﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ، ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﻣﯿﺮاث ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺷﻬﺮ، ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ارزش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ، ﺗﺪاوم اﯾﻦ ارزش ﻫﺎ در ﺑﺴﺘﺮ زﻣﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﻋﻠﯽ رﻏﻢ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮔﺮان ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺑﺮ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ آن، ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ و ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ آن ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ارﺗﻘﺎء داﻧﺶ ارزش ﮔﺬاري و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﻧﮕﺎه ارزش ﻣﺤﻮر در ﻋﺮﺻﮥ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﻣﯿﺮاث ﻣﻌﻤﺎري، ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل اﺣﺼﺎء ارزش ﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻔﻬﻮم »ﺗﺪاوم« ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ اﺳﺘﻤﺮار اﯾﻦ ارزش ﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و راﻫﺒﺮد اﺳﺘﺪﻻل ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ و ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﻮردﭘﮋوﻫﯽ، اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎزﺧﻮاﻧﯽ ﻣﺘﻮن و ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﻗﯿﻖ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ »ارزش ﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ« و »ﺗﺪاوم« در ﻣﯿﺮاث ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ، ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي »ﺗﺪاوم«، »ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ارزش ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ« و اﺑﻌﺎد اﺣﺼﺎء آن ﻫﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ، ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎي ﻧﻈﺮي و ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ »ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﭼﻐﺎزﻧﺒﯿﻞ«، ﺑﻪ ﺳﺌﻮال اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﻪ »ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ارزش ﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﯿﺮاث ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ در ﺑﺴﺘﺮ زﻣﺎن ﺗﺪاوم ﯾﺎﺑﻨﺪ؟« ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﯿﺎن ﺳﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ »ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ«، »اﻧﺪﯾﺸﮥ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ« و »ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه«، ارزش ﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ را ﺷﮑﻞ ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان آن ﻫﺎ را در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ، ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻤﻮد. ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ، »ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ« و »ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ« دو ﻣﺆﻟﻔﮥ ﺗﺪاوم ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ اﺳﺘﻤﺮار ارزش ﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ و ﺣﯿﺎت ﻣﯿﺮاث ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﻨﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ)ﭘﻮﯾﺎﯾﯽ( ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ و ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ)ﻣﺎﻧﺎﯾﯽ( رواﺑﻂ ﻣﯿﺎن آن ﻫﺎ در ﺑﺴﺘﺮ زﻣﺎن ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد.

Architectural heritage with its natural foundations is the bedrock of its establishment in complete continuity, and this connection creates values that have been neglected in the evolution of recognizing the values of architectural heritage, and the emphasis on identifying and explaining them will ensure the integration of the work with its context. The present study aims to enhance valuation knowledge and develop a value-oriented perspective in the field of architectural heritage conservation by seeking to calculate place values to complete the existing classification. On the other hand, in order to protect the architectural heritage, in addition to identifying all the values related to the work, the continuity of these values in the context of time is also an undeniable necessity. The present study with a qualitative approach and logical reasoning strategy and case study method, first by reading and analyzing related texts and theories, refines the concepts of "place values" and "continuity" in architectural heritage and then by analyzing data, components of "continuity”, "Place value indices" and the dimensions of their occurrence have been extracted as research findings and used to formulate the conceptual framework of the research. Finally, a set of data obtained from theoretical foundations and field studies in order to . The findings of this study show that "dynamics of elements" and "permanence of relationships" are components of continuity and the relationship between "natural foundations", "human presence" and "architecture" as indicators of place value in landscape, structural, functional and semantic dimensions.