تحليل استراتژي‌هاي مديريت شهري با تاكيد بر معماري سبز (مطالعه موردي: شهر رشت)

Analysis of Urban Management Strategies with Emphasis on Green Architecture (Case Study: Rasht)

ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺳﺒﺰ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﻫﺎ و روﯾﮑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﻤﺎري اﺳﺖ و ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪاي ﺣﺎﺋﺰ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﯽآﯾﺪ. ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺳﺒﺰ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ و ﮔﺴﺘﺮش زﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ و ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺗﻠﻄﯿﻒ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ را ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه دارد. ازﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﭼﺸﻢاﻧﺪاز و ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﻫﺪفﻫﺎي ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﺪت از ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي راﻫﺒﺮدي ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ روش، اﻗﺪامﻫﺎﯾﯽ در ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖﻫﺎي دروﻧﯽ و ﺑﯿﺮوﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد روشﻫﺎ و ارﺗﻘﺎي ﺑﺎزده ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎ ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﭼﻨﯿﻦ روﯾﮑﺮدي ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن در ﺣﻮزه ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺷﻬﺮي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﺸﺪه و اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻼﺷﯽ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ روشﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ، اﻗﺪامﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ درﺧﻮر را ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪاي ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ اراﺋﻪ دﻫﺪ. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﯾﮏ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و داراي ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺘﯽ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﺤﻮه اﺟﺮا از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻧﯿﺰ از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS و ﻣﺪل SWOT QSPM اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه، ﻧﻘﺎط ﺿﻌﻒ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ وزﻧﯽ 1/303، ﻧﻘﺎط ﻗﻮت ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ وزﻧﯽ 1/885، ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز 2/145 و ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪﻫﺎ 1/17 ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﯿﺰان ﻗﻮت و وﺟﻮد ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺑﺨﺸﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ وﺿﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ازﯾﻦ رو راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي رﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ راﻫﺒﺮد ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﯽ ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﻌﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ از ﻧﻘﺎط ﻓﺮﺻﺖ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺑﺨﺸﯿﺪن و رﻓﻊ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺿﻌﻒ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ.

Green architectural planning is one of the new trends and approaches in architecture and is considered an important issue for planning. Green architecture and the development of residential green space with the protection and expansion of natural and artificial habitats in cities to soften the environment. From this perspective, in the present study, in order to achieve a vision and provide long-term goals, strategic planning of urban green architecture has been done. In this method, measures were taken within the possibilities of internal and external constraints to improve the methods and improve the efficiency of activities. Such an approach has not been used in the field of urban architecture management so far and this study is an attempt to provide appropriate management measures for green architecture development activities in Rasht based on the relevant methodology. The present research is an applied research with a descriptive-analytical nature and in terms of implementation is a survey type; SPSS software and QSPM SWOT model were used for data analysis. According to the obtained results, the weaknesses with a weight coefficient of 1.303, the strengths with a weight coefficient of 1.885, the opportunities with a score of 145.2 and the threats 1.17 indicate the high level of strength and the existence of suitable opportunities to improve the current state of architecture. Green is the green architecture of the city, so the strategies of Rasht are close to the offensive strategy, and officials should try to use the opportunities to improve and eliminate weaknesses.