پديد آورندگان :
ترحمي، محمد دانشگاه علوم انتظامي امين - دانشكده فرماندهي و ستاد، تهران، ايران , صفارزاده، محمود دانشگاه تربيت مدرس - دانشكده مهندسي عمران و محيط زيست، تهران، ايران , كشفي، سعيد دانشگاه علوم انتظامي امين - بخش مديريت آموزشي، تهران، ايران , رمضان زاده، سعيد دانشگاه علوم انتظامي امين - دانشكده منابع سازماني - بخش علوم پايه و مهندسي، تهران، ايران
كليدواژه :
ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي ﮐﯿﻔﺮي , ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي ﻏﯿﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﺮي , ﺟﺮاﺋﻢ و ﺗﺨﻠﻔﺎت , راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ
چكيده فارسي :
ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ اﻟﮕﻮي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻣـﺪ ﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﯿﺸـﮕ ﯿﺮي اﻋـﻢ از ﮐﯿﻔـﺮي و ﻏﯿـﺮ ﮐﯿﻔـﺮي از ﺟـﺮاﺋﻢ و ﺗﺨﻠﻔـﺎت راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎن رؤﺳﺎ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮏ ﺷﻬﺮي و راﻫﻨﻤﺎﯾﯽ و راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﺟﻤﻬﻮري اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﯾـ ﺮان، ﯾﮑـ ﯽ از ﻣﻬـﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﭘﯿﺶ روي آﻧﺎن در اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﺄﻣﻮرﯾﺖ ﻣﻬﻢ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺗﺨﻠﻔـﺎت و ﺟـﺮاﺋﻢ راﻧﻨـﺪﮔﯽ در ﺷـﺮ اﯾﻂ ﮐﻨـﻮ ﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ . ازاﯾﻦ رو، ﻫﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ اﻟﮕﻮي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺟﺮاﺋﻢ و ﺗﺨﻠﻔﺎت راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
روش: اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ازﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي- ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪاي و ازﻧﻈﺮ روشﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸـ ﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺄﻣﻮران راﻫﻨﻤﺎﯾﯽ و راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ راﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﺘﺨﻠﻒ اﻋﻤـﺎل ﻗـﺎﻧﻮن ﺷـﺪه در ﺑـﺎزه زﻣـﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎده و ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ آﻣـﺎر ي ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ راﻧﻨـﺪﮔﺎن و ﻣـﺄﻣﻮران ﭘﻠـﯿﺲ راﻫﻮر ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 264 و 277 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 0/95 رواﺑﻂ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻗﻮي ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﻟﮕﻮي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺟﺮاﺋﻢ و ﺗﺨﻠﻔﺎت راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ وﺟﻮد دارد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي رﺷﺪﻣﺪار ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘـﺪار 63/8 )راﺑﻄـﻪ ﻗـﻮي(، ﭘﯿﺸـﮕﯿﺮي ﮐﯿﻔﺮي ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 42 )راﺑﻄﻪ ﻗﻮي(، ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 38/1 )راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ( و درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي وﺿﻌﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 16/5 )راﺑﻄﻪ ﺿﻌﯿﻒ( ﻧﺴـﺒﺖ ﺑـﻪ اﻟﮕـﻮي ﭘﯿﺸـﮕﯿﺮي از ﺟـﺮاﺋﻢ و ﺗﺨﻠﻔـﺎت راﻧﻨـﺪﮔﯽ ﻣـﯽ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي رﺷﺪﻣﺪار ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/789، ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي ﮐﯿﻔﺮي ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 0/648، ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 0/617 و درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي وﺿﻌﯽ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 40/6 ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از 0/4 اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 0/95 ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ 4 ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ، 14 ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ و 104 ﺷﺎﺧﺺ، ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي رﺷﺪﻣﺪار ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده ﻣﺪار، ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺪرﺳﻪﻣﺪار، ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺧﻄﺮ، آﮔﺎهﺳﺎزي، ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎعﻣﺤﻮر و آﻣـﻮزش ﺗﺨﺼﺼـﯽ ﭘﻠـﯿﺲ، ﺑـﺮاي ﻣﺘﻐﯿـﺮ ﭘﯿﺸـﮕﯿﺮي وﺿـﻌﯽ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﺸـﺖ و ﺣﻀـﻮر، ﮐﻨﺘـﺮل ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺴﻮس، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دورﺑﯿﻦ و ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺗﺨﻠﻒ و درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑـﺮاي ﻣﺘﻐﯿـﺮ ﭘﯿﺸـﮕﯿﺮي ﮐﯿﻔـﺮي ﻣﺆﻟﻔـﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺣﺘﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﺠﺎزاتﻫﺎ، ﻗﻄﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺠﺎزاتﻫﺎ و ﺷﺪت ﻣﺠﺎزاتﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Lack of an appropriate local model of management, both criminal and non-criminal of crime and traffic violations for commanders and managers of urban traffic and traffic managers of the Islamic Republic of Iran, is one of the most important issues facing them in carrying out important prevention mission in driving violations and offenses in the current situation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design a model for the prevention of driving offenses.
Method: This research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of quantitative methods of data collection. The statistical population includes traffic police officers in Tehran, as well as drivers who violated the law in the investigation period. Simple random sampling and statistical sample included 264 and 277 drivers and traffic police officers, respectively. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and data were analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS statistical software.
Findings: It showed that at the level of 0.95, there is a relatively strong relationship between the variables with the pattern of crime prevention and driving violations, which has the highest effect of prevention related to the prevention of circuit growth with 63.8 (strong relationship), criminal prevention with 42 (Strong relationship), social prevention with a value of 38.1 (moderate relationship) and finally the lowest value related to situational prevention with a value of 16.5 (weak relationship) compared to the pattern of prevention of crimes and driving violations. Also, the factor loads of developmental prevention are equal to 0.789, criminal prevention is equal to 0.648, social prevention is equal to 0.617 and finally situational prevention is equal to 40.6 which are more than 0.4 which is at the level of 0.95. It is meaningful.
Results: Finally, 4 variables, 14 components and 104 indicators including growth-oriented prevention variables including family-oriented programs, school-based programs, for social prevention variables including social constraints, risk management, awareness, program Community-based and specialized police training, for the situation prevention variable including patrolling, intangible control, use of cameras and intelligent systems for recording violations, and finally for the criminal prevention variable components of punishment certainty, certainty of punishments and The severity of the punishments.
