تدوين الگوي اضطراب مرگ بر اساس ويژگي‌هاي شخصيتي با ميانجي‌گري تنظيم شناختي هيجان در رانندگان جوان

Evaluation of Death Anxiety Pattern Based on Personality Traits Mediated by Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Young Drivers

ﺷﯿﻮع ﺗﻠﻔﺎت راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ در اﯾﺮان ﻫﺮروز در ﺣﺎل اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﻧﺴـﺎﻧﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﺗﻠﻔﺎت ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻬﻢ را دارد؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻠﻔﺎت، ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﺻﺪﻣﺎت ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺣـﻮادث راﻧﻨـﺪﮔﯽ ﺑـﻪ ﺑﻌـﺪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ آن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﮐﺮد. در واﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎ راﻧﻨـﺪﮔﯽ ﻫـﺎ ي ﺗﻬـﺎﺟﻤﯽ و ﺗﺨﻠﻔـﺎت ﻧﺎﺷـﯽ از آن را در ﺷـﺮاﯾﻂ رواﻧـﯽ و ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ اﻓﺮاد ﺟﺴﺖوﺟﻮ ﻧﻤﻮد. ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮﮐﺲ ﻫﺮﻃﻮر ﻣﯽ راﻧﺪ، زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﻫـﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻟﮕﻮي اﺿﻄﺮاب ﻣﺮگ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﮔﺮي ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻫﯿﺠﺎن در راﻧﻨـﺪﮔﺎن ﺟﻮان ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺠﻨﻮرد ﺑﻮد. روش: اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ازﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و ازﻧﻈﺮ روش ﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ - ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑـﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ راﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺟﻮان ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺠﻨﻮرد ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد آن ﻫﺎ 445 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 206 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑـﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎده اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮﺳـﺶ ﻧﺎﻣـﻪ ﻫـﺎي اﺳـﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻫﯿﺠﺎن )2006(، ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ ﻧﺌﻮ )1995( و ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﻣﺮگ ﺗﻤﭙﻠﺮ )1970( ﺑﻮد و ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺪل از روش ﻣﺪل ﺳﺎزي ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ وﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار» amos « ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪل ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﺑﺎ داده ﻫـﺎ ﺑـﺮازش داﺷـﺘﻪ و ﻣﺘﻐﯿـﺮ ﺗﻨﻈـﯿﻢ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ را ﺑﯿﻦ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب ﻣﺮگ را داراﺳﺖ؛ ﯾﻌﻨﯽ ﺳﺎزه ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه راﺑﻄﻪ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﻣﺮگ در راﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺟﻮان ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب ﻣـﺮگ ﻣـﯽ ﺗـﻮان از ﺳـﺎزه ﺗﻨﻈـﯿﻢ ﻫﯿﺠﺎن ﮐﻤﮏ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. درﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣـﯽ ﺷـﻮد ﺑـﺮاي ﮐـﺎﻫﺶ اﺿـﻄﺮاب ﻣـﺮگ در راﻧﻨـﺪﮔﺎن ﺟـﻮان و ﺑﻬﺒـﻮد وﺿـﻌﯿﺖ راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺨﻠﻔﺎت، آﻣﻮزش ﻫﺎي ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاي راﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎن درﻧﻈﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد.

The prevalence of traffic casualties in Iran is increasing every day and studies show that the human factor has the largest share in these casualties. Therefore, in order to reduce casualties, costs and injuries caused by traffic accidents, more attention was paid to its human dimension. In fact, people with aggressive driving and the violations caused by it should be searched in the psychological and personality conditions of people. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pattern of death anxiety based on personality traits mediated by cognitive emotion regulation in young drivers in Bojnourd. Method: This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of quantitative methods of data collection. The statistical population of this study included all young drivers in Bojnourd, whose number was 445 people. A total of 206 people were selected and evaluated by simple random sampling. Data collection tools included standard cognitive emotion regulation questionnaires (2006), Neo Personality Traits Questionnaire (1995) and Templer Death Anxiety Questionnaire (1970). Structural equation modeling was used to study the model. Findings: The findings of the study by amos software showed that the proposed model fits the data and the emotional regulation variable has a complete mediating role between personality traits and death anxiety. That is, the structure of emotional regulation can explain the relationship between personality traits and death anxiety in young drivers. Results: According to the research findings, to explain the relationship between personality traits and death anxiety, emotion regulation structure can be used. Therefore, it is suggested to Emotional adjustment should be considered for drivers.