مطالعه عوامل مؤثر بر تخلفات رانندگي در ايران

Study of Effective Factors on Driving Violations in Iran

ﺟﻬﺎن اﻣﺮوز و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻓﻨـﺎوري و ﺻـﻨﻌﺖ ﻣـﺪرن، ﺳـﺒﮏ زﻧـﺪﮔﯽ ر ا ﺑـﻪ راﻧﻨـﺪﮔﯽ ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨـﺪ ﮐـﺮده اﺳـﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ در ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ، راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ و داﺷﺘﻦ ﺧﻮدرو ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ- اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺗﺒـﺪ ﯾﻞ ﺷـﺪه اﺳـﺖ. در اﯾـﻦ ﻣﯿﺎن ﻫﻤﻪ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان، ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ را رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﻧﻤﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺗﺨﻠـﻒ از ﻫﻨﺠﺎرﻫـﺎي ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮑـﯽ، ﺗﻌـﺎرض ﺑـﺎ ﭘﻠـﯿﺲ در ﻫﻨﮕـﺎم ﺟﺮﯾﻤﻪ و ﺛﺒﺖ ﺗﺨﻠﻒ و ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﯾﺰ از ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ رﻓﺘﺎر ﺧﻮﺷﺎﯾﻨﺪ و ﻟﺬت ﺑﺨﺶ، در ﮐﻨﺸﮕﺮاﻧﯽ دﯾﺪه ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮدرو در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ ﯾﺎ در ﺟﺎدهﻫﺎي ﺑﺮونﺷﻬﺮي رﻓﺖ وآﻣﺪ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺣﺠﻢ ﺗﺨﻠﻔﺎت راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ در اﯾﺮان، ﺑﺎوﺟﻮد ﺟﺮاﺋﻢ و ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﺨﻠﻔﺎت و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﭘﺎﯾﺶ و ﻧﻈﺎرت ﻣﺪاوم و رﺳﻤﯽ، در ﺣﺎل اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻌﻀـﻼت اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﻠﯿﺲ راﻫﻮر ﻧﺎﺟﺎ ﻣﻄﺮح اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ از زﻣﺎن و اﻧﺮژي ﻧﯿﺮوي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﻠﯿﺲ را ﻣﻌﻄﻮف ﺧﻮد ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻔﺎت راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ در اﯾﺮان ﺑﻪ روش cma2 اﺳﺖ. روش: روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻧـﻮ ع ﮐﻤـ ﯽ )ﻓـﺮ ا ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ(، اﺑـﺰار آن، ﭘﺮﺳـﺶ ﻧﺎﻣـﻪ ﻣﻌﮑـﻮس، ﺑـﺎزه زﻣـﺎﻧﯽ 1382ﺗـﺎ 1399، روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي از ﻧﻮع ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ- ﻏﯿﺮاﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري آن ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 36 ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ از آن ﺑﯿﻦ، 25 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﻨﺪ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘــﻪ ﻫــﺎ: ﻧﺘــﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸــﺎن ﻣــﯽ دﻫــﺪ ﮐــﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻔــﺎت راﻧﻨــﺪﮔﯽ در اﯾــﺮان ﺗﺤــﺖﺗــﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣــﻞ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اي )0,381=Effect size (، ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟــﯽ )0,282=Effect size (، رﻓﺘــﺎري )0,204=Effect size (، ﺳـــﺎﺧﺘﺎري )0,189=Effect size (، اﺧﻼﻗـــﯽ )0,198=Effect size ( و ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺘــﯽ- زﻣﯿﻨــﻪ اي )0,281=Effect size ( ﺑــﻮده و درﻣﺠﻤــﻮع ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫــﺎي ﻓــﻮق ﺗﻮاﻧﺴــﺘﻪ اﻧــﺪ 0,289 از ﺗﺨﻠﻔﺎت راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ را ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس، آنﭼﻪ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮑﯽ )راﻫﻨﻤﺎﯾﯽ و راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ( را ﺑـﺎ راﻧﻨـﺪﮔﺎن ﭘﯿﻮﻧـﺪ ﻣـﯽ زﻧـﺪ ، ﻣﯿـﺰان ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ- ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ، ﻫﻢﻧﻮاﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎي ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﯽ )ﻋﺪم اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻌﺎرض و ﺗﻀﺎد ﺑﺎ ﻧﻬﺎد اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ، اﺣﺘﺮام ﺑﻪ ﭘﻠﯿﺲ در ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺛﺒﺖ ﺗﺨﻠﻒ، ﻣﺮدﻣﯽﺳﺎزي ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد راﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎن( و ﭘﻨﺪاﺷﺖ از ﺧﻮد در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ )ﻋﺪم اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﺒﻌـﯿﺾ ﺑﯽ ﻋﺪاﻟﺘﯽ، ﻋﺪم اﺣﺴﺎس ﻧﺎﮐﺎﻣﯽ، اﺣﺘﺮام ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﺧﻮد ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ( اﺳﺖ.

Today's world and the development of modern technology and industry and lifestyle has required driving. In the culture of societies, driving and owning a car has become a socio-economic asset. In the meantime, not all citizens obey the traffic law, violation of traffic norms, conflict with the police during fines and registration of violations and the desire to break the law as a pleasant and enjoyable behavior, is seen in activists who drive in the city or They are moving around and also the volume of traffic violations in Iran, despite the crimes and costs of violations as well as official control, is increasing and is part of the main issues of the IRIPF corridor as it takes up part of the time and energy of IRIPF manpower. Finally, the purpose of this study is to study the factors affecting driving violations in Iran by cma2 method. Method: Quantitative research method (meta-analysis), its instrument, inverse questionnaire, period 2011-2021, purposive-non-probabilistic sampling method, the statistical population of which is 36 researches in which 25 samples of survey document have been selected. Findings: The results show that driving violations in Iran under the influence of capital factors (Effect size = 0.381), control (Effect size = 0.282), behavioral (Effect size = 0.204), structural (Effect = 0.189) size), ethical (Effect size = 0.198) and demographic-contextual (Effect size = 0.281) and in total, the above variables have been able to explain 0.289 of traffic violations. Results: Accordingly, what links traffic rules (traffic and driving) with drivers. The level of socio-cultural capital, compliance with control institutions (no sense of conflict with the police, respect for the police when recording violations, democratization of drivers' performance monitoring) and self-concept in front of society (no sense of discrimination-injustice) Lack of failure is respect for one's identity as a cultural citizen.