رابطه بين ميزان بهره‌گيري از رسانه‌هاي خارجي و فرهنگ سياسي

The relationship between the use of foreign media and political culture

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶِ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮي از رﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮور ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎ و ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع، ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮي اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ و آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪ ﻫﺎ، ﭘﺲ از ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮ، 410 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان 18 ﺳﺎﻟﻪ و ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮِ ﺳﺎﮐﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 22 ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻃﺒﻘﻪ اي ﺑﺮﮔﺰﯾﺪه ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺗﻬﺮاﻧﯽ ﻣﻮردﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﻟﯿﺒﺮاﻟﯽ، ﺳﻮﺳﯿﺎﻟﯿﺴﺘﯽ و اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻨﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮي اﻓﺮاد از رﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ، ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﻟﯿﺒﺮاﻟﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ اﻣﺎ ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﺳﻮﺳﯿﺎﻟﯿﺴﺘﯽ و اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﺳﺘﻘﻼل اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ و ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﺎن و ﺑﺎ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ، ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﻟﯿﺒﺮاﻟﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ، اﻣﺎ ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﺳﻮﺳﯿﺎﻟﯿﺴﺘﯽ و اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ.

This survey research aimed to investigate the relationship between the use of foreign media and political cultures. For this purpose, 410 citizens aged 18 years and older living in 22 districts of Tehran were included in the sample by stratified sampling method, and using research data collected with a questionnaire, research hypotheses were tested. According to the descriptive findings of the study, the citizens of the statistical sample tended to liberal political values, socialist political values, and Islamic political values, respectively. According to the research results, with the increase in the use of foreign media, the tendency to liberal political culture increased, but the tendency to socialist and Islamic political cultures decreased. Another result of the research was that with increase of information and communication independence of individuals, the tendency towards liberal political culture increased but the tendency towards Islamic and socialist political cultures decreased.