تبيين انگيزه شغلي پرستاران بر اساس ارضاي نيازهاي بنيادين روان‌شناختي در محل كار

EXPLAINING NURSES’ JOB MOTIVATION BASED ON SATISFACTION OF BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS AT WORK

پيش‌زمينه و هدف: با توجه به نقش پرستاران در نظام سلامت و سيستم بهداشتي ـ درماني و لزوم برخورداري از انگيزه شغلي در آنان، اين پژوهش باهدف تبيين انگيزه شغلي پرستاران بر اساس ارضاي نيازهاي بنيادين روان‌شناختي در محل كار صورت گرفت. مواد و روش‌ها: اين پژوهش از نوع توصيفي ـ همبستگي بود. جامعه آماري كليه پرستاران شاغل در بيمارستان‌هاي آموزشي دانشگاه علوم پزشكي كردستان در شهر سنندج بودند و نمونه 330 نفر از اين پرستاران بود به روش نمونه‌گيري تصادفي خوشه‌اي انتخاب شدند و به پرسشنامه انگيزش شغلي هكمن و الدهام (1975) و پرسشنامه ارضاي نيازهاي بنيادين روان‌شناختي (گارديا، دسي و رايان،2000) پاسخ دادند. اطلاعات به‌دست‌آمده به‌وسيله نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 23 و ليزرل نسخه 8/80 و با روش همبستگي پيرسون و معادلات ساختاري استفاده گرديد. يافته‌ها: نتايج حاصل از ضريب همبستگي نشان داد بين نيازهاي بنيادين روان‌شناختي با انگيزش شغلي رابطه وجود دارد. همچنين از بين مؤلفه‌هاي نيازهاي بنيادين روان‌شناختي، مؤلفه‌هاي شايستگي و خودمختاري با انگيزش شغلي رابطه مثبت و معني‌داري دارد (0/01>p). ولي بين مؤلفه وابستگي با انگيزش شغلي رابطه معني‌داري وجود ندارد (0/05

Background & Aims: Regarding the role of nurses in the health system and the system of medical care and the need for job motivation in them, this research was conducted with the aim of explaining the nurses' job motivation based on satisfaction of basic psychological needs at the workplace. Materials & Methods: This research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all nurses working in teaching hospitals affiliated to Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in Sanandaj city. A sample of 330 students was selected by cluster random sampling method and responded to the Hackman and Aldhamam Job Motivation Questionnaire (1975) and the Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire (Gardia, Desi and Ryan, 2000). The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS.23 and Lisrel 8.8, using Pearson’s correlation and structural equations. Results: The results of the correlation coefficient showed that there is a meaningful relation between basic psychological needs and job motivation. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between the components of basic psychological needs, competency and autonomy components with job motivation (p <0.01). However, there is not a significant relationship between affiliation and job motivation (p <0.05). Also, the results of structural equations showed a significant relationship between the basic psychological needs and job motivation. Conclusion: Providing basic psychological needs of nurses by responding to their basic needs increases the feeling of pleasure and motivation in them. So by meeting the basic psychological needs, we can expect job motivation in nurses and they perform their duties with better efficiency and performance.