كليدواژه :
آﻧﺘﻲ اﻛﺴﻴﺪانﻫﺎ , اﺳﺘﺮس اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﺗﻴﻮ , ﺑﻴﻤﺎريﻫﺎ و ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻲ , رادﻳﻜﺎلﻫﺎي آزاد
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﺪن اﻧﺴﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ دو ﻧﻮع ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻛﺴﻴﺪان رادﻳﻜﺎل آزاد( و آﻧﺘﻲ اﻛﺴﻴﺪانﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل، اﻧﺘﻘﺎﻻت ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻟﻲ و ﻧﻈﻢ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ اﺣﺘﻴﺎج دارد. رادﻳﻜﺎلﻫﺎي آزاد ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺪن ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺳﻤﻲ( ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. در ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ آنﻫﺎ داراي ﻧﻘﺶ دوﮔﺎﻧﻪاي ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺪن اﻧﺴﺎن داراي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ آﻧﺘﻲ اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺒﺎرزه ﺑﺎ رادﻳﻜﺎلﻫﺎي آزاد اﺳﺖ. وﺟﻮد ﺗﻌﺎدل ﺑﻴﻦ رادﻳﻜﺎلﻫﺎي آزاد و آﻧﺘﻲ اﻛﺴﻴﺪانﻫﺎ، ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺑﺪن ﻻزم اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺧﻮردن ﺗﻌﺎدل ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ رادﻳﻜﺎلﻫﺎي آزاد و آﻧﺘﻲ اﻛﺴﻴﺪانﻫﺎ، اﺳﺘﺮس اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﺗﻴﻮ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪه ﻣﻲﺷﻮد. اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺮوري اﺳﺖ. از اﻳﻦ رو ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع، ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري و ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. اﺳﺘﺮس اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﺗﻴﻮ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻏﺸﺎﻫﺎي ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻴﻦﻫﺎ، ﻟﻴﭙﻴﺪﻫﺎ، دﺋﻮﻛﺴﻲ رﻳﺒﻮﻧﻮﻛﻠﺌﻮﺗﻴﺪ )DNA( و ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪراتﻫﺎ را ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ دﻫﺪ. اﺳﺘﺮس اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﺗﻴﻮ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺑﺮوز ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از ﺑﻴﻤﺎريﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ. در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﻣﺮوري ﺑﺮ آﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎي وارده ﺑﻪ ﺑﺪن، ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﺳﺘﺮس اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﺗﻴﻮ و ارﺗﺒﺎط آن ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎريﻫﺎي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎريﻫﺎي ﻗﻠﺒﻲ و ﻋﺮوﻗﻲ، ﺳﻜﺘﻪ ﻣﻐﺰي، دﻳﺎﺑﺖ، ﻧﻔﺮوﭘﺎﺗﻲ دﻳﺎﺑﺘﻲ، ﭘﺎرﻛﻴﻨﺴﻮن، ﻫﺎﻧﺘﻴﻨﮕﺘﻮن، آﻟﺰاﻳﻤﺮ،اوﺗﻴﺴﻢ، ﺳﺮﻃﺎن و ﭘﺪﻳﺪهﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮي ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﻴﺮي ﻣﻲﭘﺮدازﻳﻢ.
چكيده لاتين :
The human body needs both types of oxidants (free radicals) and antioxidants for normal metabolism, signal transduction mechanism, and the order of cellular activity. Free radicals can be either harmful or helpful to the body, in fact, they play a dual role as both toxic and beneficial compounds. The human body has the natural antioxidant defense mechanism to counteract the free radicals. A balance between free radicals and antioxidants is necessary for proper physiological function Oxidative stress is a phenomenon that reflects an imbalance between the production of free radicals and antioxidants.
Method: This article is a review one. The related investigations were searched from articles and reliably published texts. Different databases were explored based on appropriate keywords.
Results: Oxidative stress can seriously alter the cell membranes and other structures such as proteins, lipids, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and carbohydrates. Oxidative stress is one of the most effective factors in the incidence of many diseases. The present review provides a brief overview of oxidative stress-mediated cellular damages and role of oxidative stress in the connection with human diseases such as Cardiovascular disease, Stroke, Diabetes, Diabetic Nephropathy, Parkinson, Huntington, Alzheimer, Autism, Cancer and other diseases like Aging.
Conclusion: This article reviews on the factors that cause oxidative stress in the human body and the diseases that are associated with it.
