ﺑﺎززاﯾﯽ ﺗﻤﺸﮏ ﺳﯿﺎه ﺑﯿﺨﺎر رﻗﻢ ﻣﺮﺗﻮن از ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن، ﺳﯿﻠﺴﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ، ﺳﺎﮐﺎرز و زﻏﺎل ﻓﻌﺎل

Plant regeneration from blackberry lateral bud culture under a set of hormone, silicic acid, sucrose and activated charcoal

ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﯿﻠﯿﺲ، ﺳﺎﮐﺎرز و زﻏﺎل ﻓﻌﺎل ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎززاﯾﯽ و ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ درون ﺷﯿﺸﻪ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺗﻤﺸﮏ ﺑﯿﺨﺎر رﻗﻢ ﻣﺮﺗﻮن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ 1/2 ﻣﻮراﺷﯿﮏ و اﺳﮑﻮگ ﺣﺎوي 0/1 درﺻﺪ زﻏﺎل ﻓﻌﺎل ﮐﺸﺖ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﭘﺲ از ﺳﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﮐﺸﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي اﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ.ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ MS ﺣﺎوي ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﺑﻨﺰﯾﻞ آدﻧﯿﻦ، اﯾﻨﺪول ﺑﻮﺗﯿﺮﯾﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﻧﻔﺘﺎﻟﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺎززاﯾﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﮐﺸﺖ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﺧﻪ زاﯾﯽ ﺗﻤﺸﮏ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ MS ﺣﺎوي 1/5 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻨﺰﯾﻞ آدﻧﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه 0/1 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ IBA ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎززاﯾﯽ ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺣﺎوي 0/2، 0/5، 1 و 2 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن NAA و IBA ﺟﻬﺖ رﯾﺸﻪ زاﯾﯽ ﮐﺸﺖ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر رﯾﺸﻪ زاﯾﯽ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن، ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد رﯾﺸﻪ زاﯾﯽ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت زﻏﺎل ﻓﻌﺎل )0/01، 0/02، 0/05، 0/1 و 0/2 درﺻﺪ(، ﺳﯿﻠﯿﺴﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ در ﻏﻠﻄﺖ ﻫﺎي )0، 1، 5، 10 و 20 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ( و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺳﺎﮐﺎرز در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي )1، 2، 3، 4، 5 درﺻﺪ( ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺳﺎﮐﺎرز در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 4 درﺻﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪ، وزن رﯾﺸﻪ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﺑﺮگ ﺷﺪ. اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﮐﺮدن زﻏﺎل ﻓﻌﺎل ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪ و ﺳﺎﻗﻪ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. اﻓﺰودن ﺳﯿﻠﯿﺴﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎززاﯾﯽ ﺷﺪه ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺗﺎ 5 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻃﻮل ﺷﺎﺧﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﯿﻠﯿﺴﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 1 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮕﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪ و در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 5 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ وزن رﯾﺸﻪ ﻧﺴﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.

The objective of this work was to evaluate The effect of growth regulator, silicic acid, sucrose and activated charcoal used on micro propagation of thornless Blackberry cv. Merton explants. Propagules of cv. Merton were cultivated on a 1/2 Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The single buds were cultured in 1/2 MS containing 0.1% activated charcoal and new shoot containing buds were formed 3 weeks after culture. New buds were cultured in MS containing BA, Kin and IBA at concentrations of 0.2, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mgL-1 for shoot regeneration. New shoot after 6 weeks regenerated and the best medium for shoot regeneration was MS medium contains 1.5 mg/l BA and 0.1 mg/l IBA. Shoots were cultured in 1/2 MS containing 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 mgL-1 NAA and IBA for root formation. After determining the optimal concentrations of IBA and NAA, activated charcoal in concentrations of 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2%, silicic acid in concentrations of 0, 1, 5, 10, 20 mgL-1, sucrose in concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5% were added to the culture medium to improve rooting. Sucrose in 4% increased the root length, root weight and chlorophyll content. The addition of activated charcoal in the MS medium resulted in increased shoot and root length. In thornless blackberry cultures, Silicic acid decreased the shoot number but until 5 mg/l increased the shoot length. Silicic acid increased the root length in 1 mg/l and increased the root weight in 5 mg/l rather than control respectively