كليدواژه :
ﺁﻝﺑﻮﻳﻪ , ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﺷﻬﺮ , ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ , ﻃﺐ
چكيده فارسي :
ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻲ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﭘﺎﺳـﺦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳـﺆﺍﻝ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺻـ ﻴﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺧﻼﻗﻲ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺣﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷـﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺷـﻬﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﻤﺮﻭ ﺁﻝﺑﻮ ﻳﻪ ﺍﺛﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ؟. ﺩﺭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﻮﺻــ ﻴﻔﻲﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺗﮑﻴﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺘﺐ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﻲ، ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻲ، ﻃﺒﻲ ﻭ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻓﻴﺶﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺷــﺪ؛ ﺳــﭙﺲ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷـﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـ ﻲ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ، ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺣﺎﺻـﻞ ﺷـﺪ. ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﺣﺎﮐ ﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳـــﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﻤـﻪﻱ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻱ ﺣﮑﻮﻣـﺖ ﺁﻝﺑﻮ ﻳـ ﻪ، ﺩﺭ ﭘﻲ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺟﻤﻌﻴـ ﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺴـﺘﺮﺵ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺷـﻬﺮﻫﺎ، ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷـﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، ﮐﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻇﺎﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷـﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺍﺳـﺖ ، ﺍﺣﺴـﺎﺱ ﺷـﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﺩﺳـﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺻـ ﻴﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺁـ ﻳﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻱ ﺑﺨﺸـــ ﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷـــﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷـــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻓﺖ ، ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺣﮑﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﻠﺴــﻠﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻋﻀــﺪﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻪ )324 ﺗﺎ 372 ﻩ.ﻕ( ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺁﺏ ﺷــﺮﺏ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﻣﺮﺍﮐﺰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻲ ﻭ ﻧﺼـﺐ ﻣﺤﺘﺴـﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺧﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷـﺖ ﺷـﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻨﺪ؛ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺨﺸــ ﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻱ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻲ، ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺎﮐﻦ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﺩﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﻮﺩ.
چكيده لاتين :
The present study seeks to find an answer to this question, “how effective
was the religious and moral advice on environmental health situation of
cities under the territory of Al-Buwayh dynasty”? Findings indicate that in
the first half of the Al-Buwayh era, following the increase in population and
expansion of some cities, the need for health measures in various areas was
felt, of which is considered a responsibility of environmental health
authorities nowadays. In addition to the instructions and recommendations
being embodied in some verses of Quran and hadiths being the basis of
health laws, a number of rulers of this dynasty, like Azd al-Dawlah
intervened in the health affairs of cities in various fields such as providing
drinking water, constructing of medical and service centers, and appointing
Sheriffs (Darougheh). A part of the mentioned actions was involved with
the community health in the field of food hygiene, roads and public places,
water hygiene as well as sewage disposal. In the present study, first,
narrative, historical, medical and geographical books were indexed by using
descriptive-analytical method and relying on library resources; second, the
data in the most important areas related to environmental health was
classified; and then, a conclusion was reached.
