دگرديسي عناصر سنتي ژاپني منتخب موجود در انيمه افسانه پرنسس كاگويا در چارچوب الزامات تصويري مدرن

Transformation of Selected Traditional Elements of Japan in Anime of Princess Kaguya In the context of modern visual requirements

انيمه هاي ژاپني از جمله آثاري هستندكه علاوه بر مخاطب داخلي، مخاطبان بسياري با گروه هاي سني مختلف از مليت هاي متفاوت دارند، اين دسته آثار به واسطه  ي حضور عنصر تصوير در خود، بخصوص انيمه هايي همچون افسانه پرنسس كاگويا كه مضامين سنتي، افسانه اي و فولكلور دارند، در مراحل ساخت آن ها از پيش متن هاي سنتي بهره گرفته شده و اين پيش متن ها مطابق با نوع سليقه مخاطبان امروزي بواسطه كارگردان دستخوش تغيير و در نهايت بروزرساني مي شوند، از اين جهت مقصود از نگارش مقاله حاضر بررسي عناصر تصويري منتخب و سنتي ژاپني موجود در انيمه افسانه پرنسس كاگويا است كه در راستاي ارائه به مخاطبان امروزي دچار تغييراتي شده و به دنياي مدرن تصاوير انيمه راه يافته اند. نوشتار حاضر در پي يافتن پاسخ براي اين پرسش است كه، در انيمه افسانه پرنسس كاگويا چگونه عناصر و مفاهيم سنتي ژاپني منتخب در قالب تصاوير مدرن شكل گرفته و در انيمه مورد نظر گنجانده شده اند؟ اين مقاله از نوع توصيفي-تحليلي بوده و براساس مطالعات كتابخانه اي و اينترنتي به انجام رسيده است. نتيجه ي نهايي پژوهش حاضر بيانگر، به كارگيري پيش متن هاي سنتي منتخب در توليد انيمه افسانه پرنسس كاگويا توسط كارگردان آن يعني ايسائوتاكاهاتا است كه در برگيرنده نوع پوشش و آرايش، شخصيت، سبك زندگي و آيين است كه ريشه در فرهنگ، سنت و زادگاه او دارد و هم چنين بهره گيري از اين پيش متن ها نيز گوياي اقتباس از داده هاي سنتي ازجمله تصويرسازي   و نقاشي ها از نوع صريح و ضمنيِ آن است، همان گونه كه ژرار ژنت در نظريه بينامتنيت خود اذعان مي دارد.

To keep their tradition alive, the people of Japan promote it popularly that In addition to the domestic audience, there are many audiences around the world from any age group. Anime covers a variety of subjects including science-fiction, romance, legend, and myth. Like the Tale of Princess Kaguya anime by Japanese director Isao Takahata, based on the Japanese ancient legend of the bamboo cutter. Legends include features that can be displayed through anime. In other words, the elements present in the legends are an effective tool for creating an anime. But to present and convey the concepts contained in the myths in different eras with today's audience, some elements will be transformed or changed. Based on the available tools, it can be said that animes with traditional themes become a part of cultural heritage and oral literature in the long run because to depict them, pictures are used that induce the presence of some traditional and indigenous elements."One way to convey such concepts through traditional elements to the audience is to use intertextual relations relying on traditional text to be used more intelligently, relying on such relations, the extent and type of presence and impact of the text in the present text can be more easily understood that which of the following is explicit or explicit, implicit and ironic". One of the tasks of an anime maker in producing animes with traditional and cultural content is to update some traditional elements for modern audiences, that in the field in question, all these interactions are performed on related pictures. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to examine some of the selected visual and Japanese traditional elements in the anime of Princess Kaguya that have changed and they found their way into the modern world of anime pictures. an‎d also the question that this research tries to answer is as follows: In the Princess Kaguya anime, how are some Japanese traditional elements and concepts incorporated into the anime in the form of modern pictures? This research is of descriptive-analytical type, and Library and Internet resources have been used to collect information and data. According to the available findings, it can be said that: The Japanese director Isao Takahata used pictures related to some of the traditional elements in traditional paintings and illustrations, as well as popular beliefs in his native Japan, to make the Tale of Princess Kaguya anime. an‎d uses them explicitly and implicitly as Gerard Genette puts it in his definition of intertextuality. an‎d uses traditional concepts in the form of modern pictures in the field of anime To influence the domestic and foreign audiences and introduce the traditional concepts unique to their country to them. These concepts can be found in areas such as the type of clothing and makeup, the personality of Princess Kaguya, lifestyle, and the field of religion