ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻲ از ﻧﮕﺎه ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎن

Analyzing the consequences of philosophical interpretation from the point of view of opponents

ﭘﺲ از ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﻣﺘﻮن ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻲ ﺑﻪ زﺑﺎن ﻋﺮﺑﻲ و ورود ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﺳﻼﻣﻲ، ﻋﺪه اي ﺑﺎ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان داﻧﺸﻲ ﺑﻴﮕﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ دﻳﻦ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﻧﻴﺴﺖ و ﺣﺘﻲ ﮔﺎه ﺑﺎ آن در ﺗﻀﺎد اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻨﺪ. ﻓﻴﻠﺴﻮﻓﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ ﻫﺎ، ﺗﻼش ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ دﻳﻦ در ﺗﻀﺎد ﻧﻴﺴﺖ، ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از آﻣﻮزه ﻫﺎي دﻳﻨﻲ را ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺑﺎ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ اﺛﺒﺎت ﻛﺮد. آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ اﻧﮕﻴﺰه ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ ﻧﮕﺎه ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻲ را وارد ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻗﺮآن ﻛﺮده و ﻣﺪﻋﻲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ زﺑﺎن ﻗﺮآن ﻻﻳﻪ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺮﻳﻨﻲ دارد ﻛﻪ در ﭘﻲ اﻟﻘﺎي ﻣﻌﺎرﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻴﻖ و درﺧﻮر ﻓﻬﻢ ﺧﻮاص اﺳﺖ و ﺟﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﺸﻒ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ. دﻳﺪﮔﺎه آﻧﺎن درﺑﺎره ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﺳﻴﺮ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻲ آﻧﺎن ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﻧﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ آن را از اﺑﻌﺎد ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﺷﺎره ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي آن، ﻧﻘﺪ ﻛﺮده اﻧﺪ. از ﻣﻴﺎن اﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ دﮔﺮﮔﻮﻧﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻳﻲ در اﻟﻔﺎظ ﻗﺮآن، ﮔﺮاﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻼف ﻇﺎﻫﺮ،ﻧﺎدﻳﺪه اﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﺣﺴﺎﺳﻲ و ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻲ در ﻗﺮآن، دورﺷﺪن از ﻣﻘﺼﺪ اﺻﻠﻲ ﻗﺮآن ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ و ﺗﺰﻛﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﻮس، ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺟﻠﻮه دادن ﻓﻬﻢ ﻗﺮآن و ﻟﺰوم واﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻗﺮآن ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺟﻌﻲ دﻳﮕﺮ اﺷﺎره ﻛﺮد.

After translating philosophical texts to Arabic language and the entrance of philosophy to the Islamic society, some refused the philosophy as a foreign knowledge which not only is not compatible with religion, but as well stands against it occasionally. Philosophers for standing against these objections tried to show philosophy not only has no opposition against religion, but also we can prove many religious teachings by philosophy. With this motivation, they gradually enter the philosophical point of view for interpreting Quran and claimed Quran has underneath layers that are trying to transfer deep meanings and compatible with the understanding of knowledgeable men that these meanings can only be discovered by philosophy. Their point of view about interpretation and philosophical interpretations has had some opponents that has criticized that from different aspects. One of these aspects is studying the consequences of this approach. We can point out some of these consequences including semantic change in quranic words, tending toward interpretations contrary to appearances, ignoring emotional and feeling elements in Quran, falling away from Quran main target( guidance and self-purification); showing understanding of Quran difficult and the necessity for other references in order to understand Quran.