مدل ساختاري بهينه تاثير ابعاد امنيت بر توسعه گردشگري ورزش هاي بومي- سنتي از ديدگاه گردشگران خارجي

Optimal structural equation model of traditional- local sport tourism development amenity dimension’s effect of foreign tourists point view

در دﻫﻪ اﺧﯿﺮﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان درآﻣﺪزاﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي، ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮي ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ درﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و روﻧﻖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي، اﺣﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﻟﺬا ﻫﺪف از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺪل ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ اﺑﻌﺎد اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻀﻮر ﻣﺠﺪد ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ورزﺷﯽ اﯾﺮان از دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮان ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮان ﻏﯿﺮاﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﻓﺴﺘﯿﻮال ورزشﻫﺎي ﺑﻮﻣﯽ و ﻣﺤﻠﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺪاد )n=81( ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺟﻤﻊ آوري دادهﻫﺎ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﺷﺎﻧﮏ)2006( و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﮐﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ را در اﺑﻌﺎد اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ،اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻣﺎﻟﯽ، اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ، اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪاي و اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪاي ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ، آزﻣﻮن ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن، آزﻣﻮن رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار AMOS ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺮﺳﯿﻢ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪاي)0/64=β( و اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ)0/53=β(، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ را ﺑﺮ ﺣﻀﻮر ﻣﺠﺪد ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮان داﺷﺘﻨﺪ)0/05≤P(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن رﮔﺮﺳﻮن، ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪاي)Sig=0/028وβ=0/562( و اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ )0/037=Sig وβ=0/471( ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻦ ﺣﻀﻮر ﻣﺠﺪد ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮان در ﻓﺴﺘﯿﻮالﻫﺎي آﯾﻨﺪه ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺣﻀﻮر ﻣﺠﺪد ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮان ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖآﻣﯿﺰ اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻣﻨﯽ در ﺑﺎﺷﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ دارد ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ اﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد و ارﺗﻘﺎء ﻣﻬﺎرﺗﻬﺎ، داﻧﺶ، ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ و اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﺎت ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد.

In recent decade, sport tourism as a more incoming industry in tourism industry section, had a significant effect on cultural, social and economic structure of communities. Tourism amenity is a more important factors in sport tourism’s development. Thus the main purpose of research was designing of amenity’s dimensions effect on sport tourism future attendance on foreign tourist’s point view. Population size consists of all foreign sport tourists that took part in Golestan local and traditional sport festival, that n=81 tourist had selected purposely and accessibly as sample size. To collect the data, Shonk (2006) future attendance questionnaire and researcher regulated tourist’s amenity questionnaire, assessing amenity level in based on physical amenity, economical amenity, transportation amenity, nutritional amenity and competitive amenity were used. To analysis of data, Pearson test, regression test and Amos to designing of structural equation model were used. Results of SEM show that Competitive amenity (β= 0.64) and Physical amenity (β=0.53) have high effect coefficient on sport tourist’s future attendance (P≤ 0.05). Also based on results of regression test, Competitive amenity (β= 0.562, sig= 0.028) and Physical amenity (β= 0.471, sig= 0.037) were main variable to prediction of sport tourist’s future attendance. Tourisms future attendance is based on the outstanding and successful amenity dimensions in sport stadiums; it is a result of the rise and development of skills, knowledge, competence and efficiency of organizations that hold competition.