ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺳﻼﻣﺖ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ

Designing the Health Aspects in Students with Emphasize on Sport Activities

ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﭘﻮﯾﺎﯾﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎ، ﺳﻼﻣﺖ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن در ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ اﺑﻌﺎد رواﻧﯽ، ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ و ورزﺷﯽ اﺳﺖ. از اﯾﻦ رو، اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد و اراﺋﻪ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ارﺗﻘﺎء وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب در ﺳﻼﻣﺖ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ: ﺗﻌﺪاد 505 داﻧﺸﺠﻮ )289 دﺧﺘﺮ و 216 ﭘﺴﺮ( از 13290 داﻧﺸﺠﻮ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺟﺪول ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ 55 ﺳﺆاﻟﯽ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دادﻧﺪ. رواﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﻈﺮ 20 ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ و ﭘﺰﺷﮏ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﻧﯿﺰ 0/82 ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ و ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪي ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻫﻔﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ، ورزش و ﺗﻨﺪرﺳﺘﯽ، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل وزن و ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ، ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺑﯿﻤﺎريﻫﺎ، ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ، ﺳﻼﻣﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و اﺟﺘﻨﺎب از ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺨﺪر اﻧﻌﮑﺎس-دﻫﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻤﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻈﺎم ﺳﻼﻣﺖ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ,RMSEA= 0.098, df= 6, λ2= 13.45 ,CFI= 0.93, NFI= 0.90 از ﻃﺮف دﯾﮕﺮ، ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﺑﻌﺎد ﻧﻈﺎم ﺳﻼﻣﺖ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﻋﺒﺎرت از اﺟﺘﻨﺎب از ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺨﺪر )r= .91, t= 3.57( و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ r= .90, t= 3.40 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آن ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن دﺧﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﭘﺴﺮ ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل وزن و ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ را ﮔﺰارش دادﻧﺪ t= 2.61, df= 8, sig= .031 ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺳﻼﻣﺖ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن داراي اﺑﻌﺎد ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻً اﻃﻼعرﺳﺎﻧﯽ در ﺣﻮزه ورزش ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎن ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﺒﻮدﻫﺎي زﯾﺎدي ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از اﯾﻦ ﻋﺪم ﺳﻬﻢ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ در ﺳﺒﺪ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎي زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺮﻣﯽﮔﺮدد، اﻣﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان اﻧﺘﻈﺎر داﺷﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي راﻫﺒﺮدي ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﺎً در ﺑﺨﺶ ورزش ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻧﯽ، اﯾﻦ ﻧﻈﺎم را ﮐﺎرآﻣﺪﺗﺮ ﮐﺮد.

The one of university’s dynamic indexes is student’s health in all psychological, physical and sport aspects. Hence, this research has been creatively designed in order to evaluating current status and presenting the solutions for improving favorable health status among students with emphasize on sport activities. Methodology: Number of 505 students (289 girls and 216 boys) from 13290 students selected as sample size based on Morgan Table and responded to research-made questionnaire of 55 items. Its validity were confirmed by 20 sport management experts and general doctors, and its reliability as well calculated about .82 via Alpha coefficient. Results: Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the seven components such as physical health, sport and well-being, weight control and nutrition, disease prevention, psychological health, sociological health, and avoiding from drug are the important reflectors of student’s health system (RMSEA= 0.098, df= 6, λ2= 13.45, CFI= 0.93, NFI= 0.90). In other way, the most important aspects of student’s health system contained avoiding from drug (r= .91, t= 3.57), and sociological health (r= .90, t= 3.40). Other findings revealed that girl students reported significantly more weight control and nutrition score than boy students (t= 2.61, df= 8, sig= .031). Discussion: Students health system has a variety aspects which perhaps deals with shortages in part of notification within sport settings. Despite the part of these problems in none contribution of sport activities on students health basket emphasized on life styles, but we can expect that codifying a strategic planning especially in section of sport for all, this system will more efficient.