ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﮐﺸﻮر ﻋﺮاق در ﺟﺒﻬﻪ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ

Iraq's Position in Axis of Resistance

ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ )ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ـ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ و رﺋﺎﻟﯿﺴﻢ ﺗﺪاﻓﻌﯽ( ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﮐﺸﻮر ﻋﺮاق در ﺟﺒﻬﻪ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻣﯽ ﭘﺮدازد و ﺳﻌﯽ دارد ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎ و ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ ﮐﺸﻮر ﻋﺮاق ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﻣﻬﻢ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﻮر را در اﺗﺨﺎذ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ و ﺧﻂ ﻣﺸﯽ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎن اﻣﺮ ﺑﻪ اﺛﺒﺎت ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ اذﻋﺎن ﻣﯽ دارد ﮐﻪ ﻋﺮاق ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﺧﺎص ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮑﯽ ذﺧﺎﯾﺮ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز و از ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ داﺷﺘﻦ در ﺟﺒﻬﮥ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ و ﻫﻤﺴﺎﯾﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺸﻮر اﯾﺮان ﻫﻤﻮاره ﻣﻮردﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺪرت ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮاﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي و ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺴﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ در اداﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺷﺎره ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﻋﺮاق و اﯾﺮان ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﻣﺤﻮر ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ در ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮏ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮑﯽ اﯾﺮان و ﻋﺮاق را ﺑﺮﻣﯽ ﺷﻤﺎرد و در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن ﺑﺎ اﺷﺎره ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه و ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺒﻬﮥ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﺠﺎد ﻫﻤﮕﺮاﯾﯽ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻨﺶ را ﺑﺮﻣﯽ ﺷﻤﺎرد. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﮐﺸﻮر ﻋﺮاق ﺑﺎ اﮐﺜﺮﯾﺘﯽ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎن و ﺷﻤﺎر ﺑﺎﻻي ﺷﯿﻌﯿﺎن، از زﻣﺎن ﺳﻘﻮط ﺻﺪام ﺣﺴﯿﻦ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن، ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎﻫﯽ وﯾﮋه در ﺟﺒﻬﻪ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﻮر ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻫﻨﻮز اﻣﮑﺎن ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮي ﮔﺴﺘﺮده و ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ از اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﻮر را ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ؛ اﻣﺎ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮑﯽ، داﺷﺘﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار ﺷﯿﻌﯽ و ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺷﯿﻌﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، در ﻋﺮاق ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﻮر ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ در ﺗﻠﻘﯽ ﻣﺤﻮر ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ دارد. ﭼﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ اﮔﺮﭼﻪ در ﻋﺮاق ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺣﺸﺪ اﻟﺸﻌﺒﯽ و ﮐﺘﺎﺋﺐ از دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﻮر دﻓﺎع ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ.

The present article examines the position of Iraq in the axis of resistance with a combined approach (descriptive-historical and defensive realism) and tries to emphasize the important features and characteristics of Iraq and its important position in adopting the policy of decision makers. This article acknowledges that Iraq has always been considered by supra-regional powers and neighboring countries due to the special geopolitical position of oil and gas reserves and, most importantly, its participation in the axis of resistance and its neighborhood with Iran. This article goes on to refer to the position of Iraq and Iran as part of the axis of resistance in global geopolitical theories and enumerates the geopolitical features of Iran and Iraq. The findings show that Iraq, with a Muslim majority and a large number of Shiites, has had a special place in the resistance since the fall of Saddam Hussein, although it seems that the axis of resistance can still be used extensively and in a coordinated manner. However, potentials such as geopolitical importance, having influential Shiite authorities and various Shiite groups in Iraq show that this country has an important place in the perception of the axis of resistance. However, in Iraq, groups such as hashd-al sha'bi (the popular mobilization)and kata'eb (the books) defend the view of the resistance in this country.