واكاوي ژئومورفولوژي دامنه هاي شرقي ارتفاعات تالش (فرسايش قهقرايي) و پيامدهاي آن بر دامنه غربي مشرف به دشت اردبيل(اسارت و انحراف) (مطالعه موردي: حوضه آستاراچاي تا آقچاي در شمال غرب استان گيلان)

Investigation of Hydromorphological Effects of Eastern Slopes of Talesh Heights (Regressive Erosion) and Its Consequences on Western Slopes Overlooking Ardabil Plain (Captivity and Deviation)

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: روﻧﺪ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت ﺗﺎﻟﺶ در ﮐﻨﺎر دﯾﮕﺮ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ آن ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻤﺪهاي ﺑﺮ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ژﺋﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژي ﻣﺤﺪوده داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. و در راﺳﺘﺎي آن ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺑﺰرگ و ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺼﻮري را در ﺣﻮﺿﻪﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺠﻮار ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف: اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ، ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ و ﺟﺎﻧﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻘﺎط آﺳﯿﺐ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ از ﻓﺮﺳﺎﯾﺶ ﻗﻬﻘﺮاﯾﯽ در داﻣﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺷـﺮﻗﯽ و ﻧﯿـﺰ اﺳـﺎرت رورﺧﺎﻧـﻪاي و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﻧﺤﺮاف ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ داﻣﻨﻪ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت ﺗﺎﻟﺶ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﺮف ﺑﻪ دﺷﺖ اردﺑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. روشﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ: روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ، زﻣﯿﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و ژﺋﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژي )1:25000(و ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﺎزدﯾـﺪ ﺻـﺤﺮاﯾﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞدادهﻫـﺎ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻣﺪل ﻓﺮم و ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻗﻠﻤﺮو ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ: ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت ﺗﺎﻟﺶ در ﺷﻤﺎل ﻏﺮب اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن ﺑﺎ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ 21 '17 ◦ 38ﺗﺎ 43 '26 ◦ 38درﺟـﻪ ﻋـﺮض ﺷـﻤﺎﻟﯽ و 40 '39 ◦ 48ﺗـﺎ 29 '17 ◦48 درﺟﻪ ﻃﻮل ﺷﺮﻗﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ دو اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن و اردﺑﯿﻞ واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: داﻣﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﻣﺸﺮف ﺑﻪ دﺷﺖ اردﺑﯿﻞ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه در اﻃﺮاف روﺳﺘﺎي آﺑﯽ ﺑﯿﮕﻠﻮ، ﻧﻪ ﻧﻪ ﮐﺮان، ﻧﯿﺎرق آﺛﺎر اﺳﺎرت و اﻧﺤﺮاف رودﺧﺎﻧﻪاي وﺟـﻮد دارد.دراﯾﻦﻣﯿﺎن آﺳﯿﺐ ﭘﺬﯾﺮﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ در ﺷﻤﺎل ﺷﺮﻗﯽ روﺳﺘﺎي ﻧﯿﺎرق در ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿـﺎي 52 '17 ◦ 38ﻋـﺮض ﺷـﻤﺎﻟﯽ و 27 '37 ◦48 ﻃﻮل ﺷﺮﻗﯽ در ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺣﺪود1348ﻣﺘﺮي ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﺻﻮرت ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﯽ در ﺣﺪود33ﻣﺘﺮ در اﯾـﻦ ﻣﺤـﺪوده اﻣﮑـﺎن اﺳـﺎرت و اﻧﺤـﺮاف ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ از دﺷﺖ اردﺑﯿﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺟﻠﮕﻪ ﮔﯿﻼن وﺟﻮد دارد. ﺑﺮوز اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺮب زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ آب را ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﮐﻨﯿﻦ روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ آورد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ارﺗﻔﺎع )1480ﻣﺘﺮ(، ﺷﯿﺐ ﺑﺎﻻ )50درﺻﺪ(و ﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﯽ زﯾﺎد )1350ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻤﺘﺮ( ﺑﯿﺸـﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗـﺎﺛﯿﺮ را در ﺑﯽﺛﺒﺎﺗﯽ و ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾﺪاري داﻣﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺷﺮﻗﯽ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت ﺗﺎﻟﺶ داﺷﺘﻪ، ﺑﻄﻮرﯾﮑﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان آﺛﺎر ﻓﺮﺳﺎﯾﺶ ﻗﻬﻘﺮاﯾﯽ و اﻧﺤـﺮاف را در ﺳﺮﺷـﺎﺧﻪ ﻫـﺎي"آقﭼـﺎي، دﮔﺮﻣﺎن ﮐﺶ" ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺎن اﺳﺖ

Introduction: The north-to-south slope of Talesh heights, along with its other natural features, has had a major impact on the region's geomorphological system, which can lead to considerable developments in neighboring basins. Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify, introduce and locate the vulnerable points of regressive erosion in the eastern slopes and river capture as well as diversion of a part of the water resources on the western slope of Talesh heights towards Ardabil plain. Methodology: The research method was performed using topographic, geological and geomorphological maps 1: 25000 based on field visits and data analysis based on form and process. Geographical conext: Talesh heights are located in the northwest of Gilan Province with the geographical coordinates of "21 '17 ◦38 to" 43 '26 ◦38 north latitude and "40 '39 ◦48 to" 29 '17 ◦48 east longitude. Result and Discussion: The western slopes towards the Ardabil plain, especially around the village of Abi Bigloo, Na Na Karan, Niarag shows river capture and diversion. The most vulnerable place in the northeast of Niarq village was condirmed in the geographical coordinates of "52 '17 ◦38 north latitude and" 27 '37 ◦48 east longitude at an altitude of about 1348 meters. If the altitude decreases by about 33 meters in this area, there is a possibility of water resource capture and diversion from the Ardabil plain to the Gilan plain. This will have detrimental environmental consequences, especially the supply of water resources for the residents of the villages in the area. Conclusion: The results show that the difference in height (1480 m), high slope (50%) and high rainfall (1350 mm) had the greatest impact on the instability of the eastern slopes of the Talesh heights and regressive erosion on the branches of "Aghchai and Degarm@n"