پديد آورندگان :
پرويزي، رضا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد رشت , مولايي هشجين، نصراله دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد رشت - گروه جغرافيا , قرشي، محمدباسط دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد رشت - گروه جغرافيا
كليدواژه :
تحولات كالبدي , زيست پذيري , سكونتگاه هاي روستايي , لاهيجان
چكيده فارسي :
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، در دﻫﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺑﺴﯿﺎري ﺑـﻮده اﺳـﺖ. ﻣﻨﺸـﺎ اﯾـﻦ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت را ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان در اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﯿﺎن اﯾﻦ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺑﻌﺪ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻣﻠﻤﻮس ﺑﻮدن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺳـﺎﯾﺮ اﺑﻌـﺎد ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﺳـﺎﮐﻨﺎن درك ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﺤﻮل و ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ در ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺤﺚ در ﻋﻠﻢ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺑﺤﺚ داراي اﺑﻌـﺎد ﻣﺘﻨـﻮع و ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه اﯾﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن، ﺳﻄﺢ رﻓﺎه و ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎري در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ روﺳﺘﺎ اﺛﺮ ﮔـﺬار ﺑـﻮده ﮐـﻪ ﻫﻤـﺎن ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي اﺳﺖ.
ﻫﺪف: ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ درﺻﺪد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﺑﺮ زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ: روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه اﺳﻨﺎدي )ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎري ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻧﻔﻮس و ﻣﺴﮑﻦ، ﻃﺮح ﻫـﺎدي و ﺑـﺎزﻧﮕﺮي آن( و ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ )دﻫﯿﺎران و ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺎﻧﻮار( ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه ﮐﻪ ﭘﺲ از ﻃﯽ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺳﺎزي ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ و ﺗﺪﻗﯿﻖ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
ﻗﻠﻤﺮو ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ: ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻻﻫﯿﺠﺎن، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻻﻫﯿﺠﺎن )23 روﺳﺘﺎ( و ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ 415 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي از 5 ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ، ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ، ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ، ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي، ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺗﻐﯿﯿـﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿﯽ و 71 ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ و ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي از 141 ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ و ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ، ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿـﯽ، ﺗﺤـﻮﻻت ﮔﺮدﺷـﮕﺮي، ﺗﺤـﻮﻻت ﺣﻤـﻞ و ﻧﻘـﻞ و ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎ ﮐﻢ اﺛﺮﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction: Rural settlements, as one of the existing geographical spaces, have witnessed many changes in recent decades. The source of these changes can be found in various dimensions, among which the physical dimension is perceived by residents due to being more tangible than other dimensions. Currently, the evolution of human settlements is one of the topics of interest in geography. This issue has various and complex dimensions that directly and indirectly affect on the quality of life of residents, the level of welfare and sustainability in the rural environment, which is the desired results of livability.
Objectives: The present study seeks to investigate the role of physical changes on the viability of rural settlements.
Methodology: The method of the research is descriptive-analytical and the required information was collected through documents (general census, rural guide plan and its review) and field methods (rural mayors and heads of households), which was combined and verified after the process of making indicators.
Geographical Context: The statistical population is rural settlements in Lahijan County (23 villages) and the sample size is 415 people.
Result and Discussion: To measure physical changes, 5 components of housing, transportation changes, public service changes, tourism changes, land use changes in 71 variables, and to measure livability, 141 variables and path analysis techniques were used.
Conclusion: The results show that changes in public service, land use, tourism, transportation and housing, respectively, are the most effective to the least effective factors on livability in the study area.
