ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻔﻘﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻓﮑﺎر ﺧﻮدآﯾﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ در زﻧﺎن ﻣﻄﻠﻘﻪ

Comparing the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Compassion-Focused Therapy on Negative Automatic Thoughts and Feeling Loneliness in Divorced Women

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: زﻧﺎن ﻣﻄﻠﻘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻔﻘﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻓﮑﺎر ﺧﻮدآﯾﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ در زﻧﺎن ﻣﻄﻠﻘﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ زﻧﺎن ﻣﻄﻠﻘﻪ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﻣﺸﺎوره ﺷﻬﺮ اﻫﻮاز در ﺳﺎل 1398 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ 60 ﻧﻔﺮ از آﻧﺎن ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺴﺎوي ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 8 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ 90 دﻗﯿﻘﻪاي ﺗﺤﺖ درﻣﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ، و ﺷﻔﻘﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﯿﺎسﻫﺎي اﻓﮑﺎر ﺧﻮدآﯾﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺟﻤﻊآوري و ﺑﺎ روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺠﺬور ﮐﺎي، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮي و آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ ﺑﻮﻧﻔﺮوﻧﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت، ﺳﻦ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ و ﻣﺪت ﻃﻼق ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻨﺪ. درﻣﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ و ﺷﻔﻘﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﻓﮑﺎر ﺧﻮدآﯾﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ در زﻧﺎن ﻣﻄﻠﻘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ )0/001

Introduction: Divorced women face many health-related problems and require psychological intervention. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion-focused therapy on negative automatic thoughts and feeling of loneliness in divorced women. Materials and Methods: This study was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest design with the control group. The research population included the divorced women admitted to counseling centers in Ahvaz in 2019, among whom 60 subjects were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to three equal groups. Each experimental group was treated using acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion-focused therapy for 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Data were collected in pre-test and post-test stages with negative automatic thoughts and feelings of loneliness scales and analyzed by methods of chi-square, multivariate analysis of covariance, and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The findings showed no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of education level, age, number of children, and duration of divorce (p<0.05). Moreover, compared with the control group, acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion-focused therapy led to reduction in negative automatic thoughts and feelings of loneliness in divorced women (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two methods in reducing negative automatic thoughts and feelings of loneliness (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated the effectiveness of both treatment methods in reducing negative automatic thoughts and feelings of loneliness. Therefore, therapists and health experts can use both methods to improve health-related traits, especially to reduce negative automatic thoughts and feelings of loneliness.