ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي درونﮔﺮاﯾﺎﻧﻪ؛ ﺗﺄﻣﻠﯽ در اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪ آﯾﺖ اﷲ ﺟﻮادي آﻣﻠﯽ

Epistemic Responsibility in the Internalist Theory, a Study of the Point of View of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli

ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﯽ از ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺖﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ اﺳﺖ. روﯾﮑﺮد دروﻧﮕﺮاﯾﺎﻧﻪ در ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺖﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ارادي اﻧﺴﺎن در ﮐﺴﺐ ﺑﺎورﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ دارد. ﻏﺎﻟﺐ درونﮔﺮاﯾﺎن ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻗﺮاﯾﻨﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاﯾﻤﺎن ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ اﺳﺖ ﭘﯿﺮوي ﮐﻨﯿﻢ در ﺑﺎورﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد ﻣﻮﺟّﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﯿﻢ. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ آراء ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺖﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن درونﮔﺮا و اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪ آﯾﺖ اﷲ ﺟﻮادي آﻣﻠﯽ، ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﺪ اﯾﺸﺎن ﻫﻤﭽﻮن درونﮔﺮاﯾﺎن ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ دروﻧﯽ ﺑﻮدن ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ دارﻧﺪ و ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻋﻘﯿﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎ ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ اﻗﺎﻣﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺑﺎورﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد اﺳﺖ و ﻟﺬا واﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ و وﻇﯿﻔﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﯽ دارد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﻗﺮﯾﻨﻪ ﺑﺎورﻫﺎي ﺻﺎدق را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ و ﺑﺎورﻫﺎي ﮐﺎذب را ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دﻫﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ در روﯾﮑﺮد اﯾﺸﺎن ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﺷﮑﻞدﻫﯽ ﺷﺎﮐﻠﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﯽ ﺧﻮد ﺑﺎ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﻞ ﻋﻘﻼﻧﯽ )ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﯽ ﺑﺮوﻧﮕﺮاﯾﺎﻧﻪ(، ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﯽ دروﻧﮕﺮاﯾﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن اﻗﺎﻣﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ در ﭘﺬﯾﺮش ﻣﻄﻠﺒﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺪﯾﻬﯽ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺷﮑﺎﻻت ﻣﻌﻘﻮل و ﻟﺰوم ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺑﺮﻋﻬﺪه دارد.

Epistemic responsibility is one of the most important topics in contemporary epistemology. The Internalist theory in epistemology emphasizes on this responsibility by accepting the self-control of human in acquiring his beliefs. Most Internalists believe that we are justified in our beliefs as long as we follow the best evidence available to us. By comparing the thoughts of internalist epistemologists with those of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, the purpose of this article is to show that Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, like epistemic internalists, emphasizes on the internality and to show that he believes that the subject needs to provide evidence for some of his beliefs and therefore has the epistemological responsibility to increase true belief and decrease false beliefs by seeking evidence. Therefore, in his approach, in addition to the responsibility of forming his epistemological structure with rational virtues (externalism epistemic responsibility), he is also responsible for internalist epistemic duties such as providing evidence for the things not obvious and paying attention to reasonable problems (forms) and being responsible to them .