بررسي و تبيين جلوه هاي تمثيلي داستان ماهي سياه كوچولو بر اساس نظريه ي ناسازگاري هاي شناختي لئون فستينگر

Investigating and Explaining the Allegorical Effects of the Little Black Fish Story Based on Leon Festinger's Theory of Cognitive Inconsistencies

داﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺳﻴﺎه ﻛﻮﭼﻮﻟﻮ، ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻮرداري از ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﻣﺘﻌﺪد ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻲ وﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻲ، ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ را ﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﻘﺪ وﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻓﻜﺎر و اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي از رواﺑﻂ و وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي رﻓﺘﺎري ﺣﻴﻮاﻧﺎت، ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﻲ آورد. ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ اﻣﺮ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎن ﺟﻠﻮه ﻫﺎي ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻲ اﻳﻦ داﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮﻳﻪ ي ﻟﺌﻮن ﻓﺴﺘﻴﻨﮕﺮ، روان ﺷﻨﺎس ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ،ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮه ي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ - ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ وﺑﻪ روش ﻛﺘﺎب ﺧﺎﻧﻪ اي ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻛﺘﺎب ﻫﺎ و ﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ (ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﻫﺪف ﭘﺰوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮاﻧﻌﻜﺎس ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ي ﻳﻚ دوران وﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ارزش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺪد آن در اﻓﻜﺎر ،اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻪ ﻫﺎ وﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻣﺮدم ﻳﻚ دوره اﺳﺖ. ﺿﺮورت ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ، ﺑﻬﺮه وري از ﺷﻴﻮه ﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻲ ادﺑﻴﺎت ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻜﻲ از اﺻﻠﻲ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل رواﺑﻂ وﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻲ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ، ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ، اﺧﻼﻗﻲ و... در آﺛﺎر ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪ ي اﺻﻠﻲ اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮي ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪاﺗﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻤﺪ ﺑﻬﺮﻧﮕﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻘﺎﺻﺪ دروﻧﻲ ﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس دﻏﺪﻏﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﻛﻢ در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ، از آن ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮده اﺳﺖ.ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮن ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي ﮔﺴﺘﺮده اي ﭘﻴﺮاﻣﻮن اﻳﻦ داﺳﺘﺎن ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ وﻟﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﻲ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ رواﺑﻂ و ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت داﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ آن ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻋﻘﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺴﺘﻴﻨﮕﺮ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺳﻮال ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺤﺚ در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ داﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺳﻴﺎه ﻛﻮﭼﻮﻟﻮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي اﺻﻮل ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎري اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻓﺴﺘﻴﻨﮕﺮ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺣﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻧﻘﺪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺳﺖ؟ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ داﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ اﻧﻌﻜﺎس ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد رﻓﺘﺎري و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ، داراي رواﺑﻂ و ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي اﺻﻮل ﻓﻜﺮي ﺳﻪ ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ي ﻓﺴﺘﻴﻨﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ و ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي، ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻧﻘﺪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ دارد.

The story of the little black fish, due to its various expressive and allegorical relationships, provides a suitable platform for critique and analysis of the thoughts and ideas of various human characters using the relationships and behavioral characteristics of animals. With regard to this, the present study has expressed the allegorical effects of this story based on the theory of Leon Festinger, psychologist of social principles, in a descriptive-analytical manner and in a library method (studies of books and dissertations). The present is a photographer of the foundations of a society of a period and recognizes its various values in the thoughts, ideas and culture of the people of a period, Political, moral, etc. in many works. The main issue of this research is the search for measures that Samad Behrangi has used to express his inner goals based on the prevailing concerns in society. So far, extensive research on this story. Has been done but no independent research has been done to explain its fictional relationships based on Festinger's ideas. The question discussed in the present study is to what extent the story of the little black fish can be examined on the basis of Festinger's principles of social incompatibility? Festinger's trivial thinking can be critically and practically examined.