پيش‌بيني شادكامي بر مبناي منبع كنترل، ويژگي‌هاي شخصيتي و خودكارآمدي تحصيلي در دانش آموزان دختر

Prediction of Happiness based on Locus of Control, Personality Traits and Academic Self-Efficacy in Female Students

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل، وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ و ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ در داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد. روش: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ-ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 8 ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﺮﯾﻦ )1991( در رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن 150 داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮز دﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽﻫﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ آﮐﺴﻔﻮرد، ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل راﺗﺮ، ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﻧﺌﻮ و ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮز ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن- ﺟﯿﻨﮑﺰ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ از ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ از روش ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار 22-SPSS اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ 0/661 راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري دارد 0/01≥P(. روان رﻧﺠﻮرﺧﻮﯾﯽ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻨﻔﯽ 0/01≥P(. اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮونﮔﺮاﯾﯽ، ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪﭘﺬﯾﺮي، ﺗﻮاﻓﻖﭘﺬﯾﺮي و وﺟﺪاﻧﯽ ﺑﻮدن داراي راﺑﻄﻪﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري در ﺳﻄﺢ 0/01 ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ داراي راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ در داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد 0/01≥P(. رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل، وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ و ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ در داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ 0/01≥P(. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل، وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽو ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه در ﺷﺎدﮐﺎﻣﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ دارﻧﺪ.

This study aimed to predict happiness based on the locus of the control, personality traits and academic self-efficacy of the female students. The present study was a descriptive-correlational one. The statistical population consisted of all high school female students in District 8, of whom, 150 students were selected as the research sample using the cluster sampling method and based on the Green (1991) Sample Size determination in regression. The subjects were examined using the Oxford’s Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), Rotter's Locus of Control Scale, NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI) and Morgan-Jinks Student Self-Efficacy Scale (MJSES). Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze the data simultaneously using SPSS-22 software. The results of correlation test showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the locus of control and happiness (0.661) (p≥0.01) and there was a negative relationship between neuroticism (-0.403) and happiness (p≥0.01). However, there was a significant positive relationship between extroversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness with happiness at 0.01. Moreover, there was a significant positive relationship between academic self-efficacy and happiness of the female students (p≥0.01). Simultaneous regression showed that locus of control, personality traits and academic self-efficacy predict happiness in female students (p≥0.01). It can be concluded that locus of control, personality traits and academic self-efficacy predict the happiness of high school female students