ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺳﻮاد ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻓﺸﺎرﺧﻮن ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد د ﯾﻤﺘﻞ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻀﻤﻮن

Identifying health literacy factors for hypertensive patients with Demetel and Content analysis

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻟﺤﺎظ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ )ﮐﯿﻔﯽ-ﮐﻤﯽ( ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﻓﺮاد آﮔﺎه ﯾﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﯿﻦ ﺣﻮزه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﮐﻪ در واﻗﻊ درﮔﯿﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺑﻌﺎد و ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ درزﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻓﺸﺎرﺧﻮن و ﺳﻮاد ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه از ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻏﯿﺮ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 23ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺻﻞ اﺷﺒﺎع در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن و ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻧﻈﺮان ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻏﯿﺮﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ و ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ در اﺧﺘﯿﺎر 21ﺧﺒﺮه اﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ﻫﺎ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ روش ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي از روش ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از روش ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺴﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﺎت زوﺟﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ از رواﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﺎﺷﺪ در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺳﻮاﻻت ﻣﻮاردي ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﻤﻼت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻓﻬﻢ و ﺑﺪون اﺑﻬﺎم و ﻋﺪم اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻟﻐﺎت ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ از روش ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اي ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري ﺑﺎز، ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري ﻣﺤﻮري و ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ از ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﺎت زوﺟ ﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ وﺟﻮد 4ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻮاد ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﻮاﻧﺪن و ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻦ و داﻧﺶ، ﺳﻮاد ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﺮش، ارزش ﻫﺎ و ﻫﻨﺠﺎرﻫﺎ، ﺳﻮاد ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد، ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ، درك و دﺳﺘﺮﺳ ﯽ، و ﺳﻮاد اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت و ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻮاد ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻓﺸﺎرﺧﻮن را ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺮار دﻫﺪ.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive survey method and combination (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the study includes knowledgeable or knowledgeable people in the field of medical sciences and educational management who were actually involved with the dimensions and subject of the research in the field of hypertension and health literacy. To determine the samples of this section and to determine this group of experts, purposive non-random sampling method was used, in which 23 people were considered as interviewees according to the saturation principle. In a small part, there is a statistical community of medical experts and experts who used non-random and purposeful sampling method and questionnaires were provided to 21 experts in this field. In the qualitative part of the research, the semi-structured interview method was used and in the quantitative part, the matrix questionnaire was used. In order to analyze the data collected in the qualitative section, the three-step method of open coding, axial coding and selective coding has been used. In a small part, the decision of pairwise comparisons has been used. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the existence of 4 factors of basic literacy with components of reading and writing and knowledge, cultural literacy with components of attitude, values ​​and norms, cognitive literacy with components of application, evaluation, understanding and access, an‎d social literacy with components of communication and interaction can affect the health literacy of hypertensive patients.