آثار تحريم هاي بين المللي بر صنعت هوانوردي ايران

The Effects of International Sanctions on Iran's Aviation Industry

ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻫﻮاﻧﻮردي ﮐﺸﻮر از ﺳﺎل1979ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻣﺮوز ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ رو ﺑﻪ رو ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ و داﻣﻨﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢﻫﺎ از 2007 ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ رو ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﺳﺖ. ﺳﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺟﺎم و ﻗﻄﻌﻨﺎﻣﻪ2231 ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺘﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺴﺰاﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻞ آﺛﺎر ﻣﺨﺮب ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻫﻮاﻧﻮردي اﯾﺮان داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺳﻮال اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﭼﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮاﺗﯽ از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻫﻮاﻧﻮردي اﯾﺮان داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ؟ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢﻫﺎ ﺣﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﺎت و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻓﻨﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﻫﻮاﭘﯿﻤﺎﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺧﺮﯾﺪ ﻫﻮاﭘﯿﻤﺎﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ داراي ﺑﯿﺶ از 10% ﻓﻨﺎوري آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ را ﻫﺪف ﻗﺮارداده اﺳﺖ؛ ﻫﻮاﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﯽ روﺳﯽ و ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺧﺮﯾﺪ و ﻓﺮوشﻫﺎﯾﯽ از اﯾﻦ دﺳﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺠﻮز وزارت ﺧﺰاﻧﻪداري آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدد در ﻏﯿﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﺷﺮﮐﺖ واﺳﻄﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢ ﻫﺎي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﯾﻪ آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ ﻗﺮار ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.

The country's aviation industry has faced various sanctions since 1979, and the scope of these sanctions has been increasing since 2007. JCPOA and Resolution 2231 also failed to have a significant impact on resolving the destructive effects of sanctions on Iran's aviation industry. In this way, these sanctions have even affected the supply of parts and technical services required for aircraft. Sanctions directly target the purchase of aircraft that have more than 10% of American technology; Russian aircraft and all purchases. an‎d such sales must be made directly with the permission of the US Treasury Department, otherwise the intermediary company will be subject to US secondary sanctions.