رابطه جهت‌گيري ديني و خوش‌بيني با سازگاري اجتماعي در دانشجويان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي كرمانشاه

The relationship between religious orientation and optimism with social adjustment among students of Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah

ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، از ﻣﻬـﻢﺗـﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﺸـﺎﻧﻪﻫـﺎي رﺷـﺪ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ و ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ روان اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﻣﺘـﺄﺛﺮ از ﻋـﻮاﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺟﻬﺖﮔﯿﺮي دﯾﻨﯽ و ﺧﻮشﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺑـﺎ ﺳـﺎزﮔﺎري اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ در داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪاي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل 1398 ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ 200 ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿـﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﻬﺖﮔﯿﺮي دﯾﻨﯽ آﻟﭙـﻮرت، ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺳـﺎزﮔﺎري اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﮐﺎﻟﯿﻔﺮﻧﯿﺎ و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎي اﺳﻨﺎدي ﺑﻮد. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓـﺰار SPSS ﻧﺴـﺨﻪ 24 و آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ )ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ، ﻣﯿـﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ، درﺻـﺪ( و اﺳـﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ )آزﻣـﻮن ﮐـﺎﻟﻤﻮﮔﺮوف- اﺳـﻤﯿﺮﻧﻮف، ﺿـﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺧﻄﯽ( ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﻬﺖﮔﯿﺮي دﯾﻨﯽ ﺑـﺎ ﺳـﺎزﮔﺎري اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺧﻮشﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻌﻨـﺎدار وﺟـﻮد دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ دو ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺟﻬﺖﮔﯿﺮي دﯾﻨـﯽ و ﺧـﻮشﺑﯿﻨـﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺪ 11/7 درﺻـﺪ از وارﯾـﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺮﺑـﻮط ﺑـﻪ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ را ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣـﯽﺗـﻮان اﺳـﺘﻨﺒﺎط ﮐـﺮد ﮐـﻪ ﺟﻬـﺖﮔﯿـﺮي دﯾﻨـﯽ و ﺧﻮشﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ارﺗﻘﺎ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﻣﯽاﻧﺠﺎﻣﺪ

Social adjustment in young people is the most important sign of mental health, which is itself affected by several factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the relations of religious orientation and optimism with social adjustment in students of Kermanshah Islamic Azad University. This research is a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in 2019 with the participation of 200 students of Kermanshah Islamic Azad University using available sampling. Data collection tools were Allport Religious Orientation Questionnaire, California Social Adjustment Questionnaire and Attribution Styles Questionnaire. Data were analyzed descriptive (frequency, mean, percentage) and analytical tests (Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression).The results showed that there was a significant relationship between religious orientation with social adjustment and optimism with social adjustment in Kermanshah Islamic Azad University students. Also, religious orientation and optimism were able to predict %11.7of the variance in social adjustment scores. It can be inferred that religious orientation and optimism have relationships with social adjustment in students.