اثربخشي آخرت باوري به صورت بحث گروهي بر پايبندي مذهبي نوجوانان

The Effectiveness of Teaching the Concept of Afterlife through Group Discussion on the Religious Commitment of Teenagers

آﺧﺮتﺑﺎوري ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻮﺣﯿﺪ دوﻣﯿﻦ اﺻﻠﯽ اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﻫﻤـﻪ ادﯾـﺎن اﻟﻬـﯽ ﺑـﻪوﯾـﮋه اﺳـﻼم، اﻧﺴـﺎنﻫـﺎ را ﺑـﺪان دﻋـﻮت ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺑﺎور ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨـﺪي ﻣـﺬﻫﺒﯽ اﻧﺴـﺎنﻫـﺎ دارد. آﻣـﻮزش آﺧـﺮتﺑـﺎوري در ﻧﻮﺟـﻮاﻧﯽ ﮐـﻪ دوره ﺷﮑﻮﻓﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻘﻞ و دﯾﻦ و از ﺳﻮﯾﯽ دوره ﻃﻐﯿﺎن ﻏﺮاﯾﺰ اﺳﺖ، اﻫﻤﯿـﺖ ﺑﯿﺸـﺘﺮي دارد. ﻫـﺪف ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ آﺧﺮتﺑﺎوري ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺑﺤﺚ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨﺪي ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺲ از ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺴـﺘﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷـﯽ آﺧﺮتﺑﺎوري، 40 ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﭘﺴﺮ ﺳﻮم دﺑﯿﺮﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ، ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺧﻮﺷـﻪاي، ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪﮔﯿـﺮي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﭘﺲ از ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل، ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨﺪي ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﺑـﺮاي ﻫـﺮدو ﮔـﺮوه اﺟـﺮا ﺷـﺪ. آﻣـﻮزش ﺑﺴﺘﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ آﺧﺮتﺑﺎوري ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺑﺤﺚ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ اﻧﺠـﺎم و ﭘـﺲآزﻣـﻮن ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨـﺪي ﻣـﺬﻫﺒﯽ روي ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻃﺮح ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ ﺑﮑﺎر رﻓﺘﻪ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺮﺑـﻮط ﺑـﻪ دو ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋـﻪ از اﻧـﺪازهﻫـﺎي واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد و دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ آزﻣـﻮن آﻣـﺎري ﮐـﺎﻟﻤﻮﮔﺮوف اﺳـﻤﯿﺮﻧﻮف و U ﻣـﺎن وﯾﺘﻨـﯽ، ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ ﺷـﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ آﻣﻮزش آﺧﺮتﺑﺎوري ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺑﺤﺚ ﮔﺮوﻫـﯽ ﺑـﺮ اﻓـﺰاﯾﺶ ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨـﺪي ﻣـﺬﻫﺒﯽ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨﺪي و دوﺳﻮﮔﺮاﯾﯽ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﺑﻮد.

Believing in the afterlife is the second major principle which people are invited to, after theism, in all divine religions especially in Islam. This belief has an important role in religious commitment. Teaching of believing in the afterlife in the adolescence, which is an era of flourishing of wisdom and religion and the era of outburst of instincts, is more important. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of teaching the concept of afterlife through group discussion on religious commitment of teenagers. To this end, after designing an educational package, 40 eleventh-grade high schooler boys from Qazvin were selected through cluster random sampling. After designing an experiment and a control group, pre-tests were applied on both groups. Then, the educational package of afterlife belief was administered among the experiment group through group discussion. an‎d then the post-tests were applied. Study design was for two dependent series and data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitnet U tests .Results showed that teaching the concept of afterlife was effective on religious commitment and decreased religious non-commitment and ambivalence among teenagers.