اثربخشي درمان گروهي مبتني بر پذيرش و تعهد با رويكرد اسلامي بر اميد سالمندان

The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Based Group Therapy with Islamic Approach on Hope of the Elderly

ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪي ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﭘﺮﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮه زﻧـﺪﮔﯽ از ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻓﺸـﺎرﻫﺎي رواﻧـﯽ اﺳـﺖ. در ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ ﺑـﻪﺟﺎﯾﮕـﺎه ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ و اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪي ﺗﻮﺟﻪ وﯾﮋه ﺷـﺪه ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﮐـﻪ از ﭘﯿﺮي ﺑﻪﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﻧﻮر ﺧﺪاوﻧﺪ و ﺑﺮﮐﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﯾﺎد ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ ﺑـﺮ اﻣﯿﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘـﯿﺶآزﻣـﻮن-ﭘـﺲآزﻣـﻮن در دو ﮔـﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري، ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان اﺳﺘﺎن ﯾﺰد در ﺳﺎل 1398 ﺑﻮد. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 15 ﻧﻔﺮ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و 15 ﻧﻔﺮ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪﮔﯿـﺮي در دﺳـﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨـﺎب ﺷـﺪﻧﺪ. ﺟﻠﺴـﻪﻫـﺎي درﻣﺎن ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻟﮕﻮي ﺑﺎﻧﺪ و ﻫﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ داده ﺷـﺪ و ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺄﯾﯿـﺪ 5 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﯿﻦ ﺣﻮزهﻫﺎي ﻋﻠﻮم ﻗﺮآﻧﯽ، ﻋﻠﻮم ﺣﺪﯾﺚ و رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﯽ رﺳﯿﺪ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﺷﺪ. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، درﻣﺎن را در 8 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ 90 دﻗﯿﻘـﻪاي، ﻫـﺮ ﻫﻔﺘـﻪ ﯾـﮏﺑـﺎر درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﻣﯿﺪ اﺳﻨﺎﯾﺪر ﺑﻮد. ﻃﺒـﻖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘـﻪﻫـﺎي اﯾـﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﻪ، درﻣـﺎن ﮔﺮوﻫـﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﻣﯿﺪ و اﺑﻌﺎد آن در ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Oldness is one of the riskiest stages of life in terms of stresses. In Islamic sources much attention has been paid to the statues and importance of oldness, so oldness has been considered as the light of God and grace of the family. This study investigated the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment with Islamic approach on hope of the elderly. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical population was the elderly of Yazd province in the year 2019. The sample consists of 15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group who were selected by convenience sampling method. Therapeutic sessions of acceptance and commitment group therapy based on Bond and Hayes model have been adapted to an Islamic approach. This therapeutic method was confirmed by 5 experts in the field of Quranic, Hadith, and psychology sciences and the therapeutic program based on acceptance and commitment with Islamic approach was designed. The experimental group received treatment in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, one session per week. The research tool was Schneider’s Hope Questionnaire. According to the findings of this study, therapy based on acceptance and commitment with an Islamic approach has increased the hope of the elderly.