اثربخشي آموزش تاب‌آوري با رويكرد اسلامي بر سلامت روان و انعطاف‌پذيري روان‌شناختي مادران كودكان كم‌شنوا

The Effectiveness of a Resiliency Intervention based on Islamic perspective on Mental Health and Psychological Flexibility of Mothers of Hearing-Impaired Children

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ آﻣﻮزش ﺗﺎبآوري ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺑـﺮ ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ روان و اﻧﻌﻄﺎفﭘﺬﯾﺮي روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺎدران ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﮐﻢﺷﻨﻮا ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪاي ﺷـﺒﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ و از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن - ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ دو ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد. 30 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﺎدران ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﮐﻢﺷﻨﻮا ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ ﻋﻤـﻮﻣﯽ ﮔﻠـﺪﺑﺮگ )1972 و اﻧﻌﻄﺎفﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ دﻧـﯿﺲ و وﻧـﺪروال را ﺗﮑﻤﯿـﻞ ﮐﺮدﻧـﺪ. ﺳـﭙﺲ ﺑﻪﺻـﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ، در دو ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ 5 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﮕﯽ آﻣﻮزش ﺗﺎبآوري ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ را درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮد و ﭘﺲ از ﭘﺎﯾﺎن درﻣﺎن، ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط را ﻣﺠﺪداً ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد آﻣﻮزش ﺗﺎبآوري ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ، اﻧﻌﻄﺎفﭘـﺬﯾﺮي روانﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ادراك ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻪ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻣﺎدران ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﮐﻢﺷﻨﻮا ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري دارد؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎبآوري ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺎدران ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﮐﻢﺷﻨﻮا ﻣﻔﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Islamic Resilience Education on mental health and psychological flexibility of mothers of hearing-impaired children. The present study was a quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest study with two experimental and control groups. Thirty mothers of hearing-impaired children were selected by convenience sampling and completed Goldberg Mental Health Questionnaire (1972) and Dennis and Wenderval Cognitive Flexibility (2010). Then they were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received weekly sessions of resiliency training with Islamic approach and after completion of treatment both groups completed the questionnaires again. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. The findings showed that resiliency education with Islamic approach had a significant effect on the depression, psychological flexibility and perception of behavior justification of mothers of hearing-impaired children. Therefore, it can be concluded that Islamic resilience and approach can be useful for improving the psychological conditions of mothers of hearing-impaired children.