ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 و ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺟﺴﻤﯽ و رواﻧﯽ آن در ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎل اﯾﺮان

Assessment of Covid-19-related Anxiety and its Physical and Psychological Symptoms in the Iranian Adult

ﻋﻮاﻣﻠﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر اﻓﺴﺎرﮔﺴﯿﺨﺘﻪ ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ- 19 در ﺟﻬﺎن، ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ وﺳﯿﻊ، اﺑﻬﺎم در آﯾﻨﺪه ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ و ﺷﻐﻠﯽ، ﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد ﯾﮏ درﻣﺎن داروﯾﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﺮگ و ﻣﯿﺮ ﺑﺎﻻي ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري، ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ را ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪت ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺮار داده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان ﻋﻤﻮم ﻣﺮدم در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮ آن ﺷﺪﯾﻢ ﺗﺎ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺟﺴﻤﯽ و رواﻧﯽ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 در ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎل اﯾﺮان را ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار دﻫﯿﻢ. روشﻫﺎ: در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ 3029 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎل اﯾﺮان ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس از ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ 20 اردﯾﺒﻬﺸﺖ اﻟﯽ 14ﺧﺮداد 1399 وارد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﻘﯿﺎس اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﮐﺮوﻧﺎ" ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت آﻧﻼﯾﻦ در اﺧﺘﯿﺎر ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎنﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از SPSS ﻧﺴﺨﻪ 24 ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: در ﺑﻌﺪ ﮐﻠﯽ اﺿﻄﺮاب 18/7 درﺻﺪ اﻓﺮاد در دﺳﺘﻪ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺧﻔﯿﻒ، 75/5 درﺻﺪ اﻓﺮاد در دﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و 5/8 درﺻﺪ اﻓﺮاد در دﺳﺘﻪ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺷﺪﯾﺪ ﺟﺎي ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. در ﺑﻌﺪ اﺿﻄﺮاب رواﻧﯽ 93/1 درﺻﺪ و در ﺑﻌﺪ ﺟﺴﻤﯽ 85/5 درﺻﺪ از ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻋﻼﺋﻢ اﺿﻄﺮاب در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ را ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ. ﻃﺒﻖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪت اﺿﻄﺮاب ﮐﻞ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن، ﺷﺪت اﺿﻄﺮاب در زﻧﺎن، اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﺳﻨﯽ 30 اﻟﯽ 49 ﺳﺎل، اﻓﺮاد ﺷﺎﻏﻞ در زﯾﺮ ﮔﺮوه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ و اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻮاد زﯾﺮ دﯾﭙﻠﻢ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن از وﺟﻮد اﺿﻄﺮاب ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ در ﻋﻤﻮم ﻣﺮدم اﯾﺮان ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﺷﯿﻮع وﯾﺮوس ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. از آن ﺟﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﺮوه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻤﻮم ﻣﺮدم در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﺿﻄﺮار ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺤﺮانﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 و ﺣﻔﻆ آراﻣﺶ ﻣﺮدم ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ، ﻟﺬا دادهﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ دﯾﺪ روﺷﻨﯽ از وﺿﻌﯿﺖ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 در ﻋﻤﻮم ﻣﺮدم را در اﺧﺘﯿﺎر آنﻫﺎ ﻗﺮار دﻫﺪ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞﻫﺎي ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ و ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮاﻧﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﺺ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮوه را ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎﺗﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ.

Factors such as the uncontrolled spread of the Covid-19 in the world, social constraints, ambiguity in the educational and professional future, the lack of effective treatment and high mortality rate of Covid-19, have important role in the mental health of communities. Due to the importance of public mental health, this study aimed to assessment of physical and psychological symptoms of Covid-19-related anxiety in the Iranian adult. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 3029 Iranian adult were selected by the convenience sampling method included to the study from 9 May 2020 to 3 June 2020. Data analyzed by SPSS version 24. Results: Data of this study showed that 93.1% of the participants in psychological anxiety dimension and 85.5% of the participants in physical anxiety dimension experienced moderate. In the whole dimension of anxiety, 18.7% of the subjects experienced mild symptoms, 75.5% of the subjects experienced moderate symptoms and 5.8% of the subjects experienced severe symptoms. Date showed that the severity of anxiety in the women, adults in the age group of 30 to 49 years, people working in the medical sciences subgroup and people with undergraduate literacy was higher than other participants. Conclusion: The present study showed that Iranian adults experienced widespread Covid-19-related anxiety. The military service, as a trusted group of the general population, has been involved in the emergency situations to deal with biological crises such as Covid-19 in Iran. The data from this study can provide a clear view of the psychological state of population for military service and help them to prepare operational prevention protocols, specialized for high risk group of anxiety disorder.