لزوم درنظرگيري پارامترهاي ژئوتكنيكي خاك از منظر موازين محيط زيستي در توسعه مناطق شهري به منظور كاهش خسارات سيلاب

The need to pay attention to the geotechnical properties of soil in the development of urban areas to reduce flood damage and environmental sustainability

از‌جمله مهم‌ترين دلايل افزايش خسارت‌هاي سيلاب در بي‌توجهي به ملاحظات ژئوتكنيك خاك در مناطق توسعه شهري است. از ديدگاه ژئوتكنيك محيط‌زيستي، بي‌توجهي به جايگاه و كاركرد بررسي ويژگي‌هاي ژئوتكنيك خاك‌ها در مكان‌يابي صحيح و ارزيابي‌هاي آثار توسعه شهري بر محيط‌زيست (EIA) منجر به تشديد خسارت‌هاي سيلاب شده است. بر‌اين‌اساس، پيش‌نياز توسعه، در نظر گرفتن قوانين محيط‌زيست و نظام استاندارد متناسب با شرايط منطقه و اقليم براي كنترل و مديريت سيلاب با رعايت هنجارهاي مرتبط با ژئوتكنيك محيط‌زيستي خواهد بود. معدود مطالعات انجام شده نشان مي‌دهد، انجام EIA با هدف بررسي آثار اندركنش خصوصيات مكانيكي خاك و فعاليت عمراني در كاهش تخريب محيط‌زيست مي‌تواند گامي مؤثر باشد. بر‌اين‌اساس، ورود متخصصان حوزه ژئوتكنيك محيط‌زيستي، با ديد حفاظت و مديريت محيط‌زيست براي بازبيني يا تعريف معيارها و شاخص‌هاي نو در آيين‌نامه‌هاي سازمان حفاظت از محيط‌زيست پيشنهاد مي‌شود.

One of the most important reasons for the raising of flood damage in recent years has been inefficient urban development, which unfortunately has sometimes been done with the advice of professional consultants and in the form of urban planning system. The present study analyzes a large amount of information in the fields of geotechnics, environmental management and environmental geotechnics and with the aim of reducing flood damage in the form of landslides, subsidence, pollution and soil degradation in the field. The country's natural resources appear to have attempted to formulate arguments, draw conclusions, and provide solutions from an environmental geotechnical perspective. Studies have shown that, from an environmental geotechnical point of view, the neglected position of studying the geotechnical properties of soils in site selection and EIA of urban development has led to an intensification of flood damage. Accordingly, carrying out any development within the framework of standard environmental and military laws in accordance with the conditions of the region and climate will be the main solution in flood control and management by observing the norms related to environmental geotechnics. Few studies show that EIA can be an effective step in reducing environmental degradation by investigating the interaction effects of soil mechanical properties and development activities. Consequently, the entry of experts in the field of environmental geotechnics; by a view to environmental protection and management, is recommended to review or define new criteria and indicators in the regulations of the Environmental Protection Organization.